-
Browse Book Series
- Adhesion and Adhesives: Fundamental and Applied Aspects
- Advances in Additive Manufacturing Technologies
- Advances in Antenna, Microwave and Communication Engineering
- Advances in Biofeedstocks and Biofuels
- Advances in Cyber Security
- Advances in Data Engineering and Machine Learning
- Advances in Disease Diagnosis, Drug Delivery and Treatment
- Advances in E-Mobility
- Advances in Hydrogen Production and Storage
- Advances in Intelligent and Scientific Computing (AISC)
- Advances in Learning Analytics for Intelligent Cloud-IoT Systems
- Advances in Membrane Processes
- Advances in Nanotechnology and Applications
- Advances in Natural Gas Engineering
- Advances in Pipes and Pipelines
- Advances in Production Engineering
- Advances in Solar Cell Materials and Storage
- Applied Functional Materials
- Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing for Industrial Transformation
- Astrobiology Perspectives on Life in the Universe
- Bioprocessing in Food Science
- Computational Intelligence and Biomedical Engineering
- Concise Introductions to AI and Data Science
- Cyber Systems and Quantum Engineering
- Decentralized Systems and Next-Generation Internet
- Diatoms: Biology and Applications
- Digital Convergence in Engineering Systems
- Emerging Trends in Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Engineering Systems Design for Sustainable Development
- Fintech in a Sustainable Digital Society
- Industry 5.0 Transformation Applications
- Infectious and Rare Diseases
- Innovations in Materials and Manufacturing
- Leading-Edge Breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence
- Machine Learning in Biomedical Science and Healthcare Informatics
- Marine Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Materials Degradation and Failure
- Mathematics and Computer Science
- Next-Generation Computing and Communication Engineering
- Performability Engineering Series
- Rotating Machinery Fundamentals and Advances
- Semiconductor Devices and Their Applications
- Studies in Computational Intelligence and Smart Technologies
- Sustainable Computing and Optimization
- Thermoplastic Bionanocomposites Series
Browse Subject Areas
For Authors
Submit a ProposalNanoengineered Materials for Medical and Healthcare Applications
 | Edited by Radhakrishnan E.K, Ashitha Jose and Visakh. P. M Copyright: 2024 | Expected Pub Date:2024/10/30 ISBN: 9781119791645 | Hardcover | 384 pages |
One Line Description
This book is a comprehensive guide on the new-generation nanoengineered materials’ contribution to the ongoing development of medical devices and other healthcare applications.
Audience
The audience comprises researchers, engineers, and scientists in materials science, nanotechnology, and bioengineering working in the biomedical and bioscience areas and industries.
The audience comprises researchers, engineers, and scientists in materials science, nanotechnology, and bioengineering working in the biomedical and bioscience areas and industries.
Description
Nanotechnology has revolutionized cutting-edge medical approaches, including gene therapy, targeted drug delivery, treatment of various chronic and genetic diseases, cancer diagnosis and treatment modalities, and more, leading to the establishment of personalized treatment regimens. The book reports on various nanoparticles, such as metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles, nano-micelles, liposomal nanoparticles, and polymer nanoparticles, being utilized in various aspects of medical and healthcare applications. In addition, novel natural product-based nanomaterials and nanomaterial complexes are also detailed, showing their potential applications. The impact of nanotechnology in promoting bone regeneration and serving as novel dental implants is investigated, along with its applications in skincare. The book examines the crucial role nanotechnology plays in the development of various antimicrobial materials and surfaces, which are being used in the medical sector, including numerous types of wound healing materials, antimicrobial textiles, and PPEs, as well as face masks and gloves. The book concludes with a chapter on nano-coated medical devices.
Back to Top
Nanotechnology has revolutionized cutting-edge medical approaches, including gene therapy, targeted drug delivery, treatment of various chronic and genetic diseases, cancer diagnosis and treatment modalities, and more, leading to the establishment of personalized treatment regimens. The book reports on various nanoparticles, such as metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles, nano-micelles, liposomal nanoparticles, and polymer nanoparticles, being utilized in various aspects of medical and healthcare applications. In addition, novel natural product-based nanomaterials and nanomaterial complexes are also detailed, showing their potential applications. The impact of nanotechnology in promoting bone regeneration and serving as novel dental implants is investigated, along with its applications in skincare. The book examines the crucial role nanotechnology plays in the development of various antimicrobial materials and surfaces, which are being used in the medical sector, including numerous types of wound healing materials, antimicrobial textiles, and PPEs, as well as face masks and gloves. The book concludes with a chapter on nano-coated medical devices.
Back to Top
Author / Editor Details
Radhakrishnan E.K., PhD, is an associate professor at the School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India. During his 14 years of research, he has published over 150 research publications, 55 book chapters, and edited about 15 books. His research focuses on developing polymer-based nanocomposites with antimicrobial effects for food packaging and medical applications.
Radhakrishnan E.K., PhD, is an associate professor at the School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India. During his 14 years of research, he has published over 150 research publications, 55 book chapters, and edited about 15 books. His research focuses on developing polymer-based nanocomposites with antimicrobial effects for food packaging and medical applications.
Ashitha Jose is pursuing her doctorate at the School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India. She has published several journal articles and book chapters. Her research areas include novel active bionanocomposites for packaging applications for post-harvest protection and shelf-life enhancement.
Visakh. P. M., PhD, is a research associate in the Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, Kerala, India. He is a prolific editor with over 40 published books, 20 journal publications, 4 reviews, and more than 45 book chapters.
Back to Top
Table of Contents
Preface
1. Nanomedicine—History and Recent Trends
Sohrab Nikazar and Hedieh Haji-Hashemi
List of Abbreviations
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Definition
1.3 History
1.4 The Main Aim and Recent Trends
1.4.1 Medical Diagnostics
1.4.2 Therapeutics
1.4.3 Theranostics
1.4.4 Regenerative Medicine
1.5 Challenges
1.6 Current Status and Future Perspectives
1.7 Conclusion
References
2. Nanoparticles and Micelles as Biomedicine
Shivam Mishra, Pankaj Kumar Tyagi, Arvind Kumar and Raj Kumar Yadav
2.1 Nanoparticles
2.1.1 Nanoparticles Categorized Based on Size, Shape, and Surface Chemistry
2.1.2 Nanoparticles Categorized Based on the Nature of Material Used
2.2 Nanoparticles as Biomedicine
2.2.1 Process of Making Biomedicine Using Nanoparticles
2.2.2 Importance of Nanoparticles as Biomedicine
2.2.3 Methods of Preparing Nanoparticles as Biomedicine
2.2.4 Application of Nanoparticles in Biomedicine
2.3 Micelles as Biomedicine
2.3.1 Properties of Nanomicelles
2.3.2 Production of Micelles
2.3.3 Examples of Micelles
2.3.4 Mechanism of Micelles
2.3.5 Targeted Drug Delivery Through Micelles
2.3.5.1 Micelle Formulation for Drug Delivery
2.3.6 Micelles Employed as Biomedicine in Imaging
2.3.6.1 Micelle Formation for Imaging
2.3.7 Gene Therapy Through Micelles
2.3.7.1 Micelle Formation for Gene Therapy
2.3.8 Immunomodulation Through Micelles
2.3.8.1 Micelle Formulation for Immunomodulation
2.3.9 Tissue Engineering Through Micelles
2.3.9.1 Micelles Formation for Tissue Engineering
2.4 Conclusion
References
3. Natural Product-Based Nanomedicine
Azahar N.I., Arifin M.A. and Mahmood S.
List of Abbreviations
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Natural Product
3.2.1 Classification of Natural Products
3.2.2 Sources of Natural Products
3.2.3 Application of Natural Products in Pharmaceuticals
3.2.4 Properties of Natural Products as Therapeutic Agents
3.2.5 Primary Metabolites
3.2.6 Secondary Metabolites
3.3 Natural Product-Based Nanomedicine
3.3.1 Nanoparticle Targeting
3.3.2 Types of Therapeutic Nanoparticles Medium
3.3.3 Nanomedicine from Plant-Based Products
3.3.4 Advantages of Natural Products as Nanomedicine
3.3.5 Limitations of Natural Products as Nanomedicine
3.3.6 Nanomedicine Issues
3.3.7 Challenges in the Production of Nanomedicine
3.3.8 Application of Natural Product-Based Nanomedicine
3.3.9 Application of Bioconstituent-Encapsulated Nanoparticles
3.3.10 Nanomedicine in Cancer Treatment
3.3.11 Current Interest in the Field of Nanomedicine
3.4 Conclusion
References
4. Engineered Liposomal Nanoparticles and Their Medical Applications
Syed Mahmood, Mohd Azmir Bin Arifin and Ayah R. Hilles
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Liposome Nanoparticles and Their Different Types
4.2.1 Classification of Lipids
4.2.2 Transfersomes (Ultra-Deformable Liposomes)
4.2.2.1 Penetration Mechanism of Transfersomes
4.2.2.2 Other Mechanisms for the Delivery of Drugs through Transfersomal Vesicles
4.3 Ethosomes (Ethanolic Liposomes)
4.4 Types of Engineered Liposomal Drug Delivery Platforms
4.4.1 Engineered Liposomal Nanoparticles
4.4.2 PEGylated Liposomes
4.4.3 Ligand-Targeted Liposome
4.4.4 Theranostic Liposome
4.5 Medical Applications of Engineered Liposomes
4.6 Challenges and Limitations
4.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
5. Development and Characterization of Polymer Nanocomposites for Clinical Applications
Neelima S. and C. Sudarsanakumar
Abbreviations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Polymer Nanocomposites
5.2.1 Matrix
5.2.1.1 Hydrogels
5.2.1.2 Natural Polymers
5.2.1.3 Synthetic Polymers
5.2.2 Filler Materials
5.2.2.1 Carbon-Based Nanofillers
5.2.2.2 Nanoclay
5.2.2.3 Nanoparticles
5.3 Synthesis of Polymer Nanocomposites
5.3.1 In Situ Polymerization
5.3.2 Blending
5.3.3 Electrospinning
5.3.4 3D Printing
5.4 Characterization Techniques
5.5 Clinical Applications of Polymer Nanocomposites
5.5.1 Tissue Engineering
5.5.2 Wound Dressing
5.5.3 Drug Delivery Systems
5.5.4 Diagnostic Imaging and Sensing
5.5.5 Cancer Therapy
5.6 Polymer Nanocomposites for Clinical Application
5.7 Conclusion
5.8 Future Perspective
Acknowledgement
References
6. Bionanocomposites for Clinical Applications
Shiji Mathew and Radhakrishnan E.K.
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Raw Materials Used for Bionanocomposites Preparation
6.2.1 Biopolymers and Their Classifications
6.2.2 Reinforcements Used in Bionanocomposites
6.2.2.1 Nanoclay-Layered Clays or Silicates
6.2.2.2 Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
6.2.2.3 Carbon Nanotubes
6.2.2.4 Graphene Nanosheets
6.3 Bionanocomposite Application in the Clinical Field
6.3.1 Bionanocomposites in Dental Applications
6.3.2 Bionanocomposites in Drug Delivery
6.3.3 Bionanocomposites in Cancer Theragnostics
6.3.4 Bionanocomposites in Diabetes Theragnostics
6.3.4.1 Bionanocomposite-Based Glucose Detecting Sensors
6.3.4.2 Bionanocomposites for Targeted Insulin Delivery
6.3.4.3 Bionanocomposite for Wound Healing in Diabetes
6.3.5 Bionanocomposites for Orthopedic and Bone Tissue Engineering Application
Conclusion
References
7. Nanomodified Polymers for Bone Regeneration and as Dental Implant
Mereena Luke, Tomy Muringayil Joseph, Józef T. Haponiuk and Sabu Thomas
List of Abbreviations
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Nanomodified Polymers
7.3 Nanomodified Polymers for Bone Regeneration
7.3.1 Nanomodified Polymers Based on Natural Polymers
7.3.1.1 Alginate-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.1.2 Cellulose-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.1.3 Chitosan-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.1.4 Collagen-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.1.5 Silk Fibroin-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.2 Synthetic Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.2.1 Polycaprolactone-Based (PCL) Nanocomposites
7.3.2.2 Poly(lactic acid)-Based (PLA) Nanocomposites
7.3.2.3 Poly(urethanes)-Based (PU) Nanocomposites
7.3.2.4 Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Polymer Nanocomposites
7.4 Nanomodified Polymers for Dental Implants
7.5 Conclusion
References
8. Stimuli-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds in Medicine and Healthcare
Sherin Jacob
Abbreviations
8.1 Introduction
8.2 pH-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.3 Light-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.4 Redox-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.5 Magnetic-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.6 Electro-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.7 Limitations and Challenges
8.8 Conclusion
References
9. Skin Care Applications of Nanomaterials
Pankaj Kumar Tyagi, Arvind Kumar, Shruti Tyagi and Raj Kumar Yadav
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Use of Nanomaterials in Skin Care
9.3 Different Types of Nanomaterials Used in Cosmetics
9.3.1 Liposomes
9.3.2 Nanoemulsions
9.3.3 Microemulsions
9.3.4 Nanocapsules
9.3.5 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
9.3.6 Nanocrystals
9.3.7 Nanosilver and Nanogold
9.3.8 Dendrimers
9.3.9 Cubosomes
9.3.10 Hydrogels
9.3.11 Buckyballs
9.3.12 Niosomes
9.3.13 Transfersomes
9.3.14 Fullerenes
9.3.15 Phytosomes
9.3.16 Ultrasomes
9.3.17 Asymmetric Oxygen Carrier System (AOCS) Liposome
9.3.18 Yeast-Based Liposomes
9.3.19 Ethosomes
9.4 Frequently Used Nanotechnology-Based Cosmetic Products
9.5 Future Goal
9.6 Conclusion
References
10. Nanocoated Wound Healing Materials
Vipina Vinod T. N., Neelima S., Radhakrishnan E. K., Jyothis Mathew and C. Sudarsanakumar
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Physiology of Wound Healing
10.2.1 Hemostasis
10.2.2 Inflammation
10.2.3 Proliferation
10.2.4 Remodeling
10.3 Significance of Nanoparticles in Wound Healing
10.4 Nanoparticles Used for Wound Healing
10.4.1 Inorganic Nanoparticles
10.4.1.1 Silver Nanoparticles
10.4.1.2 Gold Nanoparticles
10.4.1.3 Carbon Nanoparticles
10.4.1.4 Silica Nanoparticles
10.4.1.5 Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
10.4.1.6 Copper Nanoparticles
10.4.2 Organic Nanoparticles
10.4.2.1 Peptide Nanostructure
10.4.2.2 Polymeric Nanostructure
10.4.2.3 Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanoparticles
10.4.2.4 Lipid Nanoparticles
10.4.3 Nanomaterials Combined with Antibiotics
10.4.4 Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems
10.4.5 Nanomaterial-Based Growth Factors for Wound Healing
10.4.6 Nano Scaffolds
10.4.6.1 Nanofibers
10.4.6.2 Hydrogels
10.4.6.3 Films and Membranes
10.4.7 Stem Cell-Based Nanoparticles
10.5 Limitations
10.6 Future Perspectives
10.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
11. Nanomaterial Based Medical Textiles for Antimicrobial Applications
Subramanian Sundaramoorthy
List of Abbreviations
11.1 Introduction: Medical Textiles
11.2 Microorganisms
11.3 Antimicrobials
11.3.1 Antimicrobial Fibers
11.3.2 Antimicrobial Treatment of Textile Fabrics
11.4 Nanomaterials
11.4.1 Preparation of Nanoparticles
11.4.2 Green Synthesis
11.4.3 Application of Nanomaterials for Antimicrobial Textiles
11.4.4 Electrospinning
11.4.5 Toxicity of Nanomaterials
11.5 Conclusions
References
12. Nanotechnological Advancements in the Development of Antimicrobial PPE
Subramanian Sundaramoorthy
List of Abbreviations
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Gloves
12.3 Face Masks and Respirators
12.4 Coveralls
12.4.1 Fire-Resistant Coveralls
12.4.2 Waterproof Coveralls
12.4.3 Healthcare Coveralls
12.5 Conclusions
References
13. Nanotechnology-Enabled Face Masks for Improved Medical Applications
Soqrat Omari Shekaftik and Nafiseh Nasirzadeh
List of Abbreviations
13.1 The Era of Infections and the Need for Improved Masks
13.2 Manufacturing Methods for Mask Fabrics
13.2.1 Melt Blowing
13.2.2 Spun Bonding
13.2.3 Electrospinning
13.3 Common Masks and Respirators in Healthcare Systems
13.4 Nanofibers
13.4.1 Functionalizing Nanofibers
13.5 Nanoporous Membranes
13.6 Nanocoatings
13.7 Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Face Masks During the COVID-19 Pandemic
13.8 Are They Ready to Use?
References
14. Nanocoated Medical Devices: Prospects and Challenges
Deepa Narayanan, Giffin M. T., Vinitha P. V., Hima Sebastian and Midhun C. Dominic
List of Abbreviations
14.1 Introduction
14.1.1 What is Nanotechnology?
14.1.2 Nanopatterned Medical Devices
14.1.3 Nanocoating
14.2 Timeline of Nanocoating in Medicine
14.3 Nanocoating in Diagnostics and Disease Management
14.3.1 Nanopatterned Chips
14.3.2 Nanowire-Based Sensors
14.3.3 Molecular Gated Single Electron Transistors (SETs)
14.3.4 Nanocoating in Managing Cancer
14.3.5 Management of COVID-19
14.3.6 Management of Infectious Diseases
14.4 Nanocoating in Surgery
14.4.1 Nanocoated Surgical Blades
14.4.2 Other Nanocoated Surgical Tools
14.4.3 Nanobioimplants
14.5 Nanocoated Implants
14.5.1 Silver NPs
14.5.2 Nano-Pulverized Drug Coating
14.5.3 Nanoporous Structures
14.5.4 Nanocoated Materials for Bone Implants
14.5.5 Implants for Tumor Cell Tracking
14.5.6 Anticoagulant Coating
14.6 Risks and Challenges of Nanocoated Devices in Medicine
14.6.1 Surface Modification
14.6.2 Local Drug Release
14.6.3 Cell-Implant Interactions
14.6.4 Comorbidities
14.7 Future Perspectives of Nanocoated Devices
14.8 Conclusion
References
Index
Back to Top
Preface
1. Nanomedicine—History and Recent Trends
Sohrab Nikazar and Hedieh Haji-Hashemi
List of Abbreviations
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Definition
1.3 History
1.4 The Main Aim and Recent Trends
1.4.1 Medical Diagnostics
1.4.2 Therapeutics
1.4.3 Theranostics
1.4.4 Regenerative Medicine
1.5 Challenges
1.6 Current Status and Future Perspectives
1.7 Conclusion
References
2. Nanoparticles and Micelles as Biomedicine
Shivam Mishra, Pankaj Kumar Tyagi, Arvind Kumar and Raj Kumar Yadav
2.1 Nanoparticles
2.1.1 Nanoparticles Categorized Based on Size, Shape, and Surface Chemistry
2.1.2 Nanoparticles Categorized Based on the Nature of Material Used
2.2 Nanoparticles as Biomedicine
2.2.1 Process of Making Biomedicine Using Nanoparticles
2.2.2 Importance of Nanoparticles as Biomedicine
2.2.3 Methods of Preparing Nanoparticles as Biomedicine
2.2.4 Application of Nanoparticles in Biomedicine
2.3 Micelles as Biomedicine
2.3.1 Properties of Nanomicelles
2.3.2 Production of Micelles
2.3.3 Examples of Micelles
2.3.4 Mechanism of Micelles
2.3.5 Targeted Drug Delivery Through Micelles
2.3.5.1 Micelle Formulation for Drug Delivery
2.3.6 Micelles Employed as Biomedicine in Imaging
2.3.6.1 Micelle Formation for Imaging
2.3.7 Gene Therapy Through Micelles
2.3.7.1 Micelle Formation for Gene Therapy
2.3.8 Immunomodulation Through Micelles
2.3.8.1 Micelle Formulation for Immunomodulation
2.3.9 Tissue Engineering Through Micelles
2.3.9.1 Micelles Formation for Tissue Engineering
2.4 Conclusion
References
3. Natural Product-Based Nanomedicine
Azahar N.I., Arifin M.A. and Mahmood S.
List of Abbreviations
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Natural Product
3.2.1 Classification of Natural Products
3.2.2 Sources of Natural Products
3.2.3 Application of Natural Products in Pharmaceuticals
3.2.4 Properties of Natural Products as Therapeutic Agents
3.2.5 Primary Metabolites
3.2.6 Secondary Metabolites
3.3 Natural Product-Based Nanomedicine
3.3.1 Nanoparticle Targeting
3.3.2 Types of Therapeutic Nanoparticles Medium
3.3.3 Nanomedicine from Plant-Based Products
3.3.4 Advantages of Natural Products as Nanomedicine
3.3.5 Limitations of Natural Products as Nanomedicine
3.3.6 Nanomedicine Issues
3.3.7 Challenges in the Production of Nanomedicine
3.3.8 Application of Natural Product-Based Nanomedicine
3.3.9 Application of Bioconstituent-Encapsulated Nanoparticles
3.3.10 Nanomedicine in Cancer Treatment
3.3.11 Current Interest in the Field of Nanomedicine
3.4 Conclusion
References
4. Engineered Liposomal Nanoparticles and Their Medical Applications
Syed Mahmood, Mohd Azmir Bin Arifin and Ayah R. Hilles
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Liposome Nanoparticles and Their Different Types
4.2.1 Classification of Lipids
4.2.2 Transfersomes (Ultra-Deformable Liposomes)
4.2.2.1 Penetration Mechanism of Transfersomes
4.2.2.2 Other Mechanisms for the Delivery of Drugs through Transfersomal Vesicles
4.3 Ethosomes (Ethanolic Liposomes)
4.4 Types of Engineered Liposomal Drug Delivery Platforms
4.4.1 Engineered Liposomal Nanoparticles
4.4.2 PEGylated Liposomes
4.4.3 Ligand-Targeted Liposome
4.4.4 Theranostic Liposome
4.5 Medical Applications of Engineered Liposomes
4.6 Challenges and Limitations
4.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
5. Development and Characterization of Polymer Nanocomposites for Clinical Applications
Neelima S. and C. Sudarsanakumar
Abbreviations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Polymer Nanocomposites
5.2.1 Matrix
5.2.1.1 Hydrogels
5.2.1.2 Natural Polymers
5.2.1.3 Synthetic Polymers
5.2.2 Filler Materials
5.2.2.1 Carbon-Based Nanofillers
5.2.2.2 Nanoclay
5.2.2.3 Nanoparticles
5.3 Synthesis of Polymer Nanocomposites
5.3.1 In Situ Polymerization
5.3.2 Blending
5.3.3 Electrospinning
5.3.4 3D Printing
5.4 Characterization Techniques
5.5 Clinical Applications of Polymer Nanocomposites
5.5.1 Tissue Engineering
5.5.2 Wound Dressing
5.5.3 Drug Delivery Systems
5.5.4 Diagnostic Imaging and Sensing
5.5.5 Cancer Therapy
5.6 Polymer Nanocomposites for Clinical Application
5.7 Conclusion
5.8 Future Perspective
Acknowledgement
References
6. Bionanocomposites for Clinical Applications
Shiji Mathew and Radhakrishnan E.K.
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Raw Materials Used for Bionanocomposites Preparation
6.2.1 Biopolymers and Their Classifications
6.2.2 Reinforcements Used in Bionanocomposites
6.2.2.1 Nanoclay-Layered Clays or Silicates
6.2.2.2 Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
6.2.2.3 Carbon Nanotubes
6.2.2.4 Graphene Nanosheets
6.3 Bionanocomposite Application in the Clinical Field
6.3.1 Bionanocomposites in Dental Applications
6.3.2 Bionanocomposites in Drug Delivery
6.3.3 Bionanocomposites in Cancer Theragnostics
6.3.4 Bionanocomposites in Diabetes Theragnostics
6.3.4.1 Bionanocomposite-Based Glucose Detecting Sensors
6.3.4.2 Bionanocomposites for Targeted Insulin Delivery
6.3.4.3 Bionanocomposite for Wound Healing in Diabetes
6.3.5 Bionanocomposites for Orthopedic and Bone Tissue Engineering Application
Conclusion
References
7. Nanomodified Polymers for Bone Regeneration and as Dental Implant
Mereena Luke, Tomy Muringayil Joseph, Józef T. Haponiuk and Sabu Thomas
List of Abbreviations
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Nanomodified Polymers
7.3 Nanomodified Polymers for Bone Regeneration
7.3.1 Nanomodified Polymers Based on Natural Polymers
7.3.1.1 Alginate-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.1.2 Cellulose-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.1.3 Chitosan-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.1.4 Collagen-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.1.5 Silk Fibroin-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.2 Synthetic Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.2.1 Polycaprolactone-Based (PCL) Nanocomposites
7.3.2.2 Poly(lactic acid)-Based (PLA) Nanocomposites
7.3.2.3 Poly(urethanes)-Based (PU) Nanocomposites
7.3.2.4 Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Polymer Nanocomposites
7.4 Nanomodified Polymers for Dental Implants
7.5 Conclusion
References
8. Stimuli-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds in Medicine and Healthcare
Sherin Jacob
Abbreviations
8.1 Introduction
8.2 pH-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.3 Light-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.4 Redox-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.5 Magnetic-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.6 Electro-Responsive Nanoengineered Scaffolds
8.7 Limitations and Challenges
8.8 Conclusion
References
9. Skin Care Applications of Nanomaterials
Pankaj Kumar Tyagi, Arvind Kumar, Shruti Tyagi and Raj Kumar Yadav
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Use of Nanomaterials in Skin Care
9.3 Different Types of Nanomaterials Used in Cosmetics
9.3.1 Liposomes
9.3.2 Nanoemulsions
9.3.3 Microemulsions
9.3.4 Nanocapsules
9.3.5 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
9.3.6 Nanocrystals
9.3.7 Nanosilver and Nanogold
9.3.8 Dendrimers
9.3.9 Cubosomes
9.3.10 Hydrogels
9.3.11 Buckyballs
9.3.12 Niosomes
9.3.13 Transfersomes
9.3.14 Fullerenes
9.3.15 Phytosomes
9.3.16 Ultrasomes
9.3.17 Asymmetric Oxygen Carrier System (AOCS) Liposome
9.3.18 Yeast-Based Liposomes
9.3.19 Ethosomes
9.4 Frequently Used Nanotechnology-Based Cosmetic Products
9.5 Future Goal
9.6 Conclusion
References
10. Nanocoated Wound Healing Materials
Vipina Vinod T. N., Neelima S., Radhakrishnan E. K., Jyothis Mathew and C. Sudarsanakumar
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Physiology of Wound Healing
10.2.1 Hemostasis
10.2.2 Inflammation
10.2.3 Proliferation
10.2.4 Remodeling
10.3 Significance of Nanoparticles in Wound Healing
10.4 Nanoparticles Used for Wound Healing
10.4.1 Inorganic Nanoparticles
10.4.1.1 Silver Nanoparticles
10.4.1.2 Gold Nanoparticles
10.4.1.3 Carbon Nanoparticles
10.4.1.4 Silica Nanoparticles
10.4.1.5 Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
10.4.1.6 Copper Nanoparticles
10.4.2 Organic Nanoparticles
10.4.2.1 Peptide Nanostructure
10.4.2.2 Polymeric Nanostructure
10.4.2.3 Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanoparticles
10.4.2.4 Lipid Nanoparticles
10.4.3 Nanomaterials Combined with Antibiotics
10.4.4 Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems
10.4.5 Nanomaterial-Based Growth Factors for Wound Healing
10.4.6 Nano Scaffolds
10.4.6.1 Nanofibers
10.4.6.2 Hydrogels
10.4.6.3 Films and Membranes
10.4.7 Stem Cell-Based Nanoparticles
10.5 Limitations
10.6 Future Perspectives
10.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
11. Nanomaterial Based Medical Textiles for Antimicrobial Applications
Subramanian Sundaramoorthy
List of Abbreviations
11.1 Introduction: Medical Textiles
11.2 Microorganisms
11.3 Antimicrobials
11.3.1 Antimicrobial Fibers
11.3.2 Antimicrobial Treatment of Textile Fabrics
11.4 Nanomaterials
11.4.1 Preparation of Nanoparticles
11.4.2 Green Synthesis
11.4.3 Application of Nanomaterials for Antimicrobial Textiles
11.4.4 Electrospinning
11.4.5 Toxicity of Nanomaterials
11.5 Conclusions
References
12. Nanotechnological Advancements in the Development of Antimicrobial PPE
Subramanian Sundaramoorthy
List of Abbreviations
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Gloves
12.3 Face Masks and Respirators
12.4 Coveralls
12.4.1 Fire-Resistant Coveralls
12.4.2 Waterproof Coveralls
12.4.3 Healthcare Coveralls
12.5 Conclusions
References
13. Nanotechnology-Enabled Face Masks for Improved Medical Applications
Soqrat Omari Shekaftik and Nafiseh Nasirzadeh
List of Abbreviations
13.1 The Era of Infections and the Need for Improved Masks
13.2 Manufacturing Methods for Mask Fabrics
13.2.1 Melt Blowing
13.2.2 Spun Bonding
13.2.3 Electrospinning
13.3 Common Masks and Respirators in Healthcare Systems
13.4 Nanofibers
13.4.1 Functionalizing Nanofibers
13.5 Nanoporous Membranes
13.6 Nanocoatings
13.7 Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Face Masks During the COVID-19 Pandemic
13.8 Are They Ready to Use?
References
14. Nanocoated Medical Devices: Prospects and Challenges
Deepa Narayanan, Giffin M. T., Vinitha P. V., Hima Sebastian and Midhun C. Dominic
List of Abbreviations
14.1 Introduction
14.1.1 What is Nanotechnology?
14.1.2 Nanopatterned Medical Devices
14.1.3 Nanocoating
14.2 Timeline of Nanocoating in Medicine
14.3 Nanocoating in Diagnostics and Disease Management
14.3.1 Nanopatterned Chips
14.3.2 Nanowire-Based Sensors
14.3.3 Molecular Gated Single Electron Transistors (SETs)
14.3.4 Nanocoating in Managing Cancer
14.3.5 Management of COVID-19
14.3.6 Management of Infectious Diseases
14.4 Nanocoating in Surgery
14.4.1 Nanocoated Surgical Blades
14.4.2 Other Nanocoated Surgical Tools
14.4.3 Nanobioimplants
14.5 Nanocoated Implants
14.5.1 Silver NPs
14.5.2 Nano-Pulverized Drug Coating
14.5.3 Nanoporous Structures
14.5.4 Nanocoated Materials for Bone Implants
14.5.5 Implants for Tumor Cell Tracking
14.5.6 Anticoagulant Coating
14.6 Risks and Challenges of Nanocoated Devices in Medicine
14.6.1 Surface Modification
14.6.2 Local Drug Release
14.6.3 Cell-Implant Interactions
14.6.4 Comorbidities
14.7 Future Perspectives of Nanocoated Devices
14.8 Conclusion
References
Index
Back to Top