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Green Hydrogen

Edited by Najoua Labjar, Souad El Hajjaji, Chandrabhan Verma, and Shikha Dubey
Copyright: 2025   |   Expected Pub Date:2025//
ISBN: 9781394356676  |  Hardcover  |  
570 pages
Price: $225 USD
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One Line Description
Discover the key to a sustainable future with Green Hydrogen, an essential guide for those invested in the innovative potential of green hydrogen production for decarbonization.

Audience
Chemists and chemical engineers, academics, researchers, technology investors, and professionals working in the energy and petrochemical industries who want to learn more about sustainable hydrogen production

Description
One of the worldwide objectives for 2050 is to decarbonize the planet. According to the International Energy Agencys most recent projections, the worlds energy demand will rise by 25 percent to 30 percent by 2040. In an economy that depends on coal and oil, this will increase CO2, exacerbating climate change. Decarbonizing the Earth envisions a different world in 2050, one that is more open, effective, and sustainable, powered by clean energy like green hydrogen. Generating an element like hydrogen is one of the keys to achieving this goal because, unlike coal and oil, green hydrogen is a pure energy source that emits water vapor and leaves no residue in the air. Industry and hydrogen have a long-standing, global partnership that will only grow stronger as the planet moves away from fossil fuels. Green Hydrogen discusses the challenges and opportunities of sustainable hydrogen production and its applications in different industries, including heat and power generation, industry feedstock, and goods and passenger transport.

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Author / Editor Details
Najoua Labjar is a professor in the Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM) at Université Mohammed V. She has authored and co-authored over 70 articles and book chapters and coordinates engineering courses on materials, quality, and environmental engineering. Her research focuses on materials science, the recovery and treatment of water and waste, and life cycle analysis approaches, particularly for monitoring and assessing environmental impacts.

Souad El Hajjaji is a material, water, and environmental sciences professor at University Mohammed V. She has published over 250 peer-reviewed scientific papers and book chapters. Her research interests include the development of new processes for wastewater treatments, solid waste valorization, monitoring of pesticides and emergent pollutants in water and soil, and the management of water resources.

Chandrabhan Verma, PhD is a researcher at the Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials at the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. He serves as a reviewer for several international journals and is a member of the American Chemical Society. His research focuses on synthesizing and designing environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors useful for several industrial applications.

Shikha Dubey, PhD is an assistant professor of analytical chemistry in the Department of Chemistry at Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University. She has synthesized various nanomaterials via simple precipitation methods and green routes to treat metal-laden water and wastewater during her research. Her research interests include nanobiomaterial synthesis and characterization, development of low-cost adsorbents, nanoadsorbents, magnetic nanosorbents for water remediation, and green synthesis of materials, and characterization and applications in environmental remediation.

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Table of Contents
Preface
1. Green Hydrogen: Fundamentals, Properties, Classifications, Advantages and Challenges
Gaydaa AlZohbi
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Physical and Chemical Properties
1.3 Technologies Used to Generate Green Hydrogen
1.3.1 Water Electrolysis
1.3.1.1 Alkaline Water Electrolysis
1.3.1.2 Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM)
1.3.1.3 Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis (PEMWE)
1.3.1.4 Solid Oxide Water Electrolysis (SOX)
1.3.2 Biomass Pyrolysis
1.3.3 Biomass Gasification
1.3.4 Steam Reforming of Bio-Feedstocks
1.3.5 Biological Process
1.3.5.1 Bio-Photolysis of Water
1.3.5.2 Photo-Fermentation
1.3.5.3 Dark Fermentation
1.4 Advantages of Green Hydrogen
1.5 Challenges of Green Hydrogen
1.6 Conclusion
References
2. Fundamentals of Green Energy and the Significance of Green Hydrogen
Oumayma Benslimane, Loubna Bouhachlaf, Najoua Labjar, Hamid Nasrellah and Souad El Hajjaji
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Types of Green Energy Sources
2.2.1 Hydropower
2.2.2 Biomass Energy
2.2.3 Solar Energy
2.2.4 Wind Energy
2.2.5 Geothermal Energy
2.3 The Role of Green Energy in Mitigating Climate Change
2.4 Green Energy and Green Hydrogen
2.5 Green Hydrogen as a Sustainable Energy
2.5.1 Green Hydrogen Production by Water Electrolysis Technique
2.5.2 Environmental Benefits of Green Hydrogen
2.6 Technological and Economic Challenges in Green Energy
2.7 Policy and Regulatory Challenges in Green Energy
2.8 Technological and Economic Challenges in Green Hydrogen
2.9 Conclusion
References
3. Green Hydrogen and Green Energy Fundamentals and Relative Description
Samghouli Nora, Labjar Najoua, Dalimi Mohamed and El Hajjaji Souad
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Hydrogen Production
3.2.1 Production of Hydrogen’s Green
3.2.1.1 Green Hydrogen Generation Methods: Principles and Required Materials
3.2.2 Production’s Cost
3.3 Green Energy Fundamentals
3.3.1 Solar Energy
3.3.1.1 Photovoltaic
3.3.2 Wind Power Plants
3.3.2.1 Advantages
3.3.2.2 Disadvantages
3.3.3 Other Renewable Energy Sources
3.3.3.1 Biomass Power Plants
3.3.3.2 Geothermal Power
3.3.3.3 Hydro Power Plants
3.4 Integration of Green Hydrogen in the Energy Ecosystem
3.4.1 Hydrogen as a Renewable Energy Resource
3.4.1.1 Production Capacity of Hydrogen and Market
3.4.1.2 Applications of Hydrogen
3.4.2 Energy Storage
3.5 Assessment of the Environment and Economy
3.5.1 Environment
3.5.2 Economic
3.6 Conclusion
References
4. Green Hydrogen Production: Relative Challenges and Opportunities of Different Method
Loubna Bouhachlaf, Oumayma Benslimane, Nora Samghouli, Najoua Labjar, and Souad El Hajjaji
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Fundamentals of Green Hydrogen Production
4.2.1 Electrolysis Processes
4.2.2 Renewable Energy Sources for Electrolysis
4.3 Technological Advancements in Green Hydrogen Production
4.3.1 Alkaline Electrolyzers
4.3.2 PEM Electrolyzers
4.3.3 Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells
4.3.4 Comparison of Green Hydrogen Production Technologies
4.4 Economic and Policy Considerations
4.4.1 Cost Analysis of Green Hydrogen Production
4.4.2 Government Incentives and Regulations
4.5 Economic and Environmental Benefits of Green Hydrogen
4.6 Challenges in Green Hydrogen Production
4.6.1 Cost
4.6.1.1 Capital Cost
4.6.2 Efficiency
4.6.3 Scale-Up
4.7 Policy and Regulatory Frameworks
4.8 Case Studies of Successful Green Hydrogen Projects
4.9 Prospects and Market Trends
4.10 Conclusion
References
5. Social and Environmental Challenges of Green Hydrogen
Sidra Khan Orakzai, Taj Muhammad and Muhammad Yaseen
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Green Hydrogen
5.1.2 From Hues to Emanation; Color Labeling of Hydrogen
5.1.2.1 Gray Hydrogen
5.1.2.2 Turquoise Hydrogen
5.1.2.3 Blue Hydrogen
5.1.2.4 Purple Hydrogen
5.1.2.5 White Hydrogen
5.1.2.6 Green Hydrogen
5.2 Literature Survey
5.3 Eco-Friendly Techniques for Producing Hydrogen
5.3.1 Thermochemical Routes
5.3.1.1 Pyrolysis
5.3.1.2 Gasification
5.3.1.3 Biomass Pyrolysis
5.3.1.4 Steam Reforming of Natural Gas
5.3.2 Biological Mechanism or Biochemical Transformation
5.3.2.1 Bio-Photolysis
5.3.2.2 Fermentations
5.3.2.3 Water Splitting Techniques
5.4 Challenges
5.4.1 Social Challenges
5.4.1.1 Social Acceptance
5.4.1.2 Affordability
5.4.1.3 Education and Awareness
5.4.1.4 Public Acceptability and Safety
5.4.1.5 Law and Policies
5.4.1.6 Higher Expenses
5.4.2 Environmental Challenges
5.4.2.1 Diminution of Carbon Footprint
5.4.2.2 Enhancing Air Quality
5.4.2.3 Water Conservation
5.4.2.4 Waste Supervision
5.4.2.5 Sustainable Fuel Production
5.5 Conclusions and Future Recommendations
References
6. Industrial Scale Challenges of Production and Consumption of Green Hydrogen
Samghouli Nora, Bensemlali Meryem, Nasrellah Hamid, Labjar Najoua and El Hajjaji Souad
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Social Challenges
6.2.1 Public Acceptance
6.2.2 Job Creation
6.3 Environmental Challenges
6.3.1 Carbon Emissions
6.3.2 Water Usage
6.3.3 Land Use
6.4 Policy and Regulatory Challenges
6.4.1 Transition and Infrastructure
6.4.2 Policy Design
6.4.3 Regulatory and Legislative Conditions
6.5 Social and Environmental Benefits
6.5.1 Environmental Benefits
6.5.2 Socio-Economic Benefits
6.6 Conclusion
References
7. Seawater as an Alternative Source for Hydrogen Production
Abdelmalek Dahchour, Zineb Hammi, Yousra El Hamdouni, Najoua Labjar, Mohamed Dalimi and Souad El Hajjaji
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Production of Hydrogen from Freshwater
7.2.1 Electrolysis Process
7.2.2 Renewable Energy-Assisted Production of Hydrogen
7.2.3 Electrolysis Technologies Adopted
7.2.3.1 Alkaline Electrolysis
7.2.3.2 Proton Exchange Membrane PEM
7.2.3.3 High-Temperature Electrocatalysts (SORC)
7.3 Hydrogen Production and Water Scarcity
7.4 Hydrogen from Seawater
7.4.1 Effects of Chloride Ion
7.5 Electrocatalysts for OER
7.5.1 Metal Oxides
7.5.2 Hydroxide Catalysts
7.5.3 Metal Phosphides for OER
7.5.4 Metal Nitrides for OER
7.5.5 Metal Borides for OER
7.5.6 Hybrid Electrocatalysts for OER
7.6 Electrocatalysts for HER
7.6.1 Noble Metal Alloy Electrocatalysts for HER
7.6.2 Carbon-Supported Noble Metals for HER
7.6.3 MXene-Based Complexes for HER
7.6.4 Metal Phosphides for HER
7.6.5 Metal Oxides and Hydroxides for HER
7.6.6 Metal Nitrides for HER
7.6.7 Hybrid Electrocatalysts for HER
7.7 Conclusion
References
8. Green Hydrogen Investments and Financing: Public and Government Investments
Zineb Hammi, Youssra El Hamdouni, Najoua Labjar, Houda Labjar, Hamid Nasrellah, Ayoub Cherrat, El Mostapha Lotfi and Souad El Hajjaji
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Financing Sources for Green Hydrogen Projects
8.3 Analysis of Factors Driving Investor Attraction to Green Hydrogen
8.4 Current State of Investment in Green Hydrogen
8.5 Opportunities and Challenges in Financing Green Hydrogen
8.6 Conclusion and Perspectives
References
9. Future of Green Hydrogen: Opportunities and Challenges
Zineb Hammi, Youssra El Hamdouni, Najoua Labjar, Halima Mortadi, Houda Labjar, Bensemlali Meryem, El Mostapha Lotfi and Souad El Hajjaji
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Green Hydrogen
9.3 Opportunities and Challenges for the Future of Green Hydrogen
9.3.1 Opportunities for Industry and the Economy
9.3.2 Challenges for the Development of Green Hydrogen
9.4 Conclusion and Perspectives
References
10. Green Hydrogen Production at Industrial Scale: Future Challenges and Opportunities
Omar Dagdag, Rajesh Haldhar, Abhinay Thakur, Walid Daoudi, Avni Berisha, Elyor Berdimurodov and Hansang Kim
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Opportunities and Challenges of Green Hydrogen
10.2.1 Transportation and Storage Technologies for Green Hydrogen
10.2.2 Compressed Hydrogen Storage
10.2.2.1 Physical Storage with Storage Containers
10.2.2.2 Geological Storage
10.2.3 Liquid Hydrogen
10.2.4 Ammonia as Green Hydrogen Carrier
10.2.5 Hydrogen Blending in Pipes for Natural Gas
10.3 Conclusion
References
11. Significant Projects in Production, Storage and Applications of Green Hydrogen Around the World
M. EL Hayany, H. EL Garni, Z. Miftah, S. Oubad, W. Makboul, A. Razouk, M. Abdellaoui, S. EL Hajjaji and O. Mounkachi
11.1 Introduction to Green Hydrogen Projects
11.2 Green Hydrogen Production Projects Around the World
11.2.1 Green Hydrogen Production Potential Worldwide
11.2.2 Projects Around the World
11.2.2.1 Fukushima Hydrogen Energy Research Field (FH2R)
11.2.2.2 RESelyser Project
11.2.2.3 MEDLYS Project
11.2.2.4 ELYGRID Project
11.2.2.5 The Hydrogen Office Project
11.2.2.6 Wind2hydrogen W2H Project
11.2.2.7 Sinopec Zhongyuan Oilfield EOR Project
11.2.3 Morocco’s Strategy and Its Flagship Green Hydrogen Production Projects
11.3 Global Projects for Storing Green Hydrogen
11.3.1 Compressed Gas Storage of Hydrogen
11.3.1.1 Underground Hydrogen Storage
11.3.1.2 Underground Storage in Aquifers
11.3.1.3 Underground Storage in Salt Caverns
11.3.2 Liquid Hydrogen Storage
11.3.2.1 NASA’s Kennedy Space Center
11.3.2.2 Japan - Australia Partner to Produce Liquid Hydrogen
11.3.2.3 Linde Engineering
11.3.2.4 BMW Hydrogen
11.3.2.5 Hydrogen Storage Using Chemical Hydrides
11.3.2.6 Hydrogenous GmbH
11.3.2.7 Framatome
11.3.2.8 HySA Infrastructure, South Africa
11.3.3 Solid State Hydrogen Storage
11.3.3.1 GRZ Technologies
11.3.3.2 McPhy Energy
11.4 Applications of Green Hydrogen in Various Sectors
11.4.1 Applications in the Transportation Sector
11.4.1.1 Hy2Haul Project
11.4.1.2 HyTransit Project
11.4.1.3 NamX Project
11.4.1.4 Hyship Project
11.4.1.5 H2Ports Project
11.4.2 Applications in the Industrial Sector
11.4.2.1 Ammonia Production Application
11.4.2.2 Haldor Topsoe Green Ammonia Project
11.4.2.3 HEVO Ammonia Morocco Project
11.4.3 Steel Production Applications
11.4.3.1 H2FUTURE Project
11.4.4 Applications in Cooling: Magnetic Refrigeration
11.4.4.1 HyLICAL Project
11.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
12. Scenarios of Green Hydrogen of the World
Wizra Khan, Ata Ur Rahman and Muhammad Yaseen
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Green Hydrogen
12.1.2 Role in Achieving Global Clean Energy Target
12.1.3 Challenges
12.1.3.1 Production Expenses
12.1.3.2 Accessibility of the Plant
12.1.3.3 Human Safety
12.2 Literature Review
12.3 Method of Producing Hydrogen
12.3.1 Diverse Methods
12.3.2 Hydrocarbon-Based Techniques for Producing Hydrogen
12.3.2.1 (SMR) Steam Methane Reforming Method
12.3.2.2 (PO) Partial Oxidation of Hydrocarbons
12.3.2.3 Gasification of Coal
12.3.3 Hydrogen Production Methods Based on Non-Hydrocarbons
12.3.3.1 Biomass Conversion
12.3.3.2 Electrolysis of Water
12.3.3.3 Photo Electrolysis
12.3.3.4 Solar Energy Method
12.4 Comparison of Conventional Hydrogen Fabrication vs Green Hydrogen Fabrication
12.5 Global Initiatives and Policies
12.5.1 Overview of International Effort to Promote Green Hydrogen
12.6 Applications
12.7 Conclusions
12.8 Future Outlook
References
13. Global Journey of Green Hydrogen: Opportunities and Challenges
Maria Benbouzid, Loubna Bouhachlaf, Najoua Labjar, Mohamed Dalimi and Souad El Hajjaji
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Production Process of Green Hydrogen
13.3 Current State of Green Hydrogen Worldwide
13.3.1 Global Demand, Production, and Cost of Green Hydrogen Worldwide
13.3.2 Storing and Transporting Hydrogen
13.3.3 Application of Green Hydrogen
13.3.4 Current Green Hydrogen Policies
13.4 Green Hydrogen Scenarios All Over the World
13.4.1 Hydrogen Global Demand Scenarios and Market Outlook
13.5 Green Hydrogen Production Scenarios and Cost Projections
13.6 Policy Scenarios for Green Hydrogen
13.7 Conclusion
References
14. A Critical Review and Perspective of Challenges of Green Hydrogen
M. Hajji, M. Abdellaoui, S. EL Hajjaji and O. Mounkachi
14.1 Introduction to Green Hydrogen Challenges
14.2 Technological Challenges
14.2.1 Production
14.2.2 Storage
14.2.3 Conversion
14.3 Economic and Financial Challenges
14.4 Environmental and Social Challenges
14.4.1 Environmental Impacts
14.4.1.1 Carbon Footprint of Green Hydrogen Production
14.4.1.2 Resource Utilization During Production
14.4.2 Social Implications
14.4.2.1 Potential Job Changes Due to Green Hydrogen Adoption
14.4.2.2 Impacts on Social Equity in the Transition
14.5 Regulatory and Policy Challenges
14.5.1 Current Hurdles
14.5.1.1 Safety Standards for Green Hydrogen
14.5.1.2 Availability and Effectiveness of Government Subsidies
14.5.1.3 Compatibility with Existing Energy Policies
14.5.2 Necessary Policies and Regulations
14.6 Social and Cultural Acceptance
14.7 Conclusion
References
15. Green Hydrogen for Power and Heat Generation Applications
Khasan Berdimuradov, Murodali Mamanazarov, Omar Dagdag, Mohamed Rbaa and Elyor Berdimurodov
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Power Generation Applications
15.2.1 Hydrogen Fuel Cells
15.2.2 Working Principle
15.2.3 Types of Fuel Cells (PEMFC, SOFC)
15.2.4 Applications in Stationary Power Generation
15.2.5 Hydrogen Combustion in Power Plants
15.2.6 Dedicated Hydrogen Power Plants
15.3 Heat Generation Applications
15.3.1 Hydrogen for Residential and Industrial Heating
15.3.2 Integration with Existing Heating Systems
15.3.3 Boilers
15.3.4 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Systems
15.3.5 Advantages and Challenges of Hydrogen as a Heating Fuel
15.4 Future Perspectives and Research Directions
15.5 Conclusion
References
16. Green Hydrogen for Passenger/Goods Transport Applications
Akbarali Rasulov, Husan Yaxshinorov, Javokhir Abdisattorov, Elyor Berdimurodov, Omar Dagdag, Mohamed Rbaa, Murodali Mamanazarov and Khasan Berdimuradov
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Green Hydrogen in Passenger Transport
16.3 Green Hydrogen in Goods Transport
16.4 Future Prospects
16.5 Conclusion
References
17. Green Hydrogen as a Pillar of Energy Transition and Transport Innovation
Siddhi Jaiswal
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Advantages of Green Hydrogen for Transport
17.2.1 Zero Emissions
17.2.2 High Energy Density
17.2.3 Quick Refueling
17.2.4 Operational Cost Reduction
17.2.5 Energy Security and Independence
17.2.6 Low Noise Pollution
17.3 Applications in Passenger Transport
17.3.1 Heavy-Duty and Freight Vehicles
17.3.2 Drayage Trucks and Public Buses
17.3.3 Fueling Long-Distance Public Transit Buses and Heavy-Duty Tractor Trailers
17.3.4 Fuel-Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)
17.4 Applications in Goods Transport
17.4.1 Heavy-Duty Vehicles
17.4.2 Fleet-Based Vehicles and Logistics
17.4.3 Hydrogen Refinery Case Study
17.4.4 Green Hydrogen Transition
17.5 Economic Advantages
17.5.1 Lower Carbon Emissions
17.5.2 Energy-Dense Alternative for Heavy-Duty Vehicles
17.5.3 Business Prospects and the Development of Infrastructure
17.5.4 Government Support and Incentives
17.6 Future Prospects and Challenges
17.7 Conclusion
References
18. Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) Powered by Hydrogen Challenges and Constraints
Pratik M. Pataniya and C.K. Sumesh
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier and Fuel
18.3 Adoption of Hydrogen-Powered Vehicles
18.4 Working of Fuel Cell Vehicles Using Hydrogen
18.5 Technological Advancements
18.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
References
19. Green Hydrogen for Water Desalination
Rabia Zafar, Azeem Intisar, Muhammad Saeed, Tajamal Hussain and Muhammad Amin Abid
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Water Desalination Techniques
19.3 Green Hydrogen Production Technologies
19.3.1 Alkaline Water Electrolysis
19.3.2 Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM) Water Electrolysis
19.3.3 Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Water Electrolysis
19.3.4 Solid Oxide Water Electrolysis
19.3.5 Photocatalytic Water Splitting
19.3.6 Biological Methods for Green Hydrogen Production
19.4 Current Challenges and Future Prospective
19.5 Conclusion
References
20. Green Hydrogen Policies and Regulations
Loubna Bouhachlaf, Maria Benbouzid, Najoua Labjar and Souad El Hajjaji
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Key Regions Leading Green Hydrogen Production Around the World
20.2.1 Europe
20.2.1.1 Germany
20.2.1.2 Netherlands
20.2.1.3 Spain
20.2.2 North America
20.2.2.1 United States
20.2.2.2 Canada
20.2.3 South America
20.2.3.1 Chile
20.2.3.2 Brazil
20.2.4 Asia-Pacific
20.2.4.1 Japan
20.2.4.2 South Korea
20.2.4.3 Australia
20.2.4.4 China
20.2.5 Middle East
20.2.5.1 Saudi Arabia
20.2.5.2 United Arab Emirates
20.2.5.3 Qatar
20.2.6 Africa
20.2.6.1 Morocco
20.2.6.2 South Africa
20.2.6.3 Egypt
20.3 Global Green Hydrogen Policies and Initiatives
20.4 Leading Green Hydrogen Regulations
20.5 Conclusion
References
Index

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