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Submit a ProposalSustainable Practices in the Textile Industry
 | Edited by: Luqman Jameel Rather, Mohd Shabbir and Aminoddin Haji Copyright: 2021 | Status: Published ISBN: 9781119818885 | Hardcover | 368 pages | 97 illustrations Price: $195 USD  |
One Line Description
The book presents the various research areas dealing with the application of different sustainable technologies for enhancing the dyeing and comfort properties of textile materials with substantial reduction in wastewater problems.
Audience
Researchers, engineers in the textile industry, textile chemistry and dyeing, chemical engineering, environmental science, and materials science as well as graduate and postgraduate students, will find this book invaluable.
Researchers, engineers in the textile industry, textile chemistry and dyeing, chemical engineering, environmental science, and materials science as well as graduate and postgraduate students, will find this book invaluable.
Description
Increasing environmental and health concerns in the textile industry and fashion sector about the use of large quantities of water and hazardous chemicals in conventional textile finishing processes, has led to the design and development of new dyeing strategies and technologies. Effluents produced from the textile wet processing industry are very diverse in chemical composition, ranging from inorganic finishing agents, surfactants, chlorine compounds, salts and total phosphate to polymers and organic products. This has forced Western countries to exploit their high technical skills for the advancement of textile materials with high quality technical performances, and the development of cleaner production technologies for cost effective and value-added textile materials.
Sustainable Practices in the Textile Industry focuses on the sophisticated methods for improving dye extraction and dyeing properties which will minimize the use of bioresource products. This book also brings out the innovative ways of wet chemical processing to alleviate the environmental impacts arising from this sector. The book also discusses innovations in eco-friendly methods for textile wet processes and applications of enzymes in textiles in addition to the advancements in the use of nanotechnology for wastewater remediation.
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Increasing environmental and health concerns in the textile industry and fashion sector about the use of large quantities of water and hazardous chemicals in conventional textile finishing processes, has led to the design and development of new dyeing strategies and technologies. Effluents produced from the textile wet processing industry are very diverse in chemical composition, ranging from inorganic finishing agents, surfactants, chlorine compounds, salts and total phosphate to polymers and organic products. This has forced Western countries to exploit their high technical skills for the advancement of textile materials with high quality technical performances, and the development of cleaner production technologies for cost effective and value-added textile materials.
Sustainable Practices in the Textile Industry focuses on the sophisticated methods for improving dye extraction and dyeing properties which will minimize the use of bioresource products. This book also brings out the innovative ways of wet chemical processing to alleviate the environmental impacts arising from this sector. The book also discusses innovations in eco-friendly methods for textile wet processes and applications of enzymes in textiles in addition to the advancements in the use of nanotechnology for wastewater remediation.
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Author / Editor Details
Luqman Jameel Rather is working as senior visiting scholar at the State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China. He earned his doctorate degree in Organic Chemistry from Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India in 2017. He has published about 50 research publications in high impact scientific journals of international repute and has been awarded the Young Scientist Award through the National Agriculture Development Agency, India. His research is focused on functional finishing of textile materials.
Luqman Jameel Rather is working as senior visiting scholar at the State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China. He earned his doctorate degree in Organic Chemistry from Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India in 2017. He has published about 50 research publications in high impact scientific journals of international repute and has been awarded the Young Scientist Award through the National Agriculture Development Agency, India. His research is focused on functional finishing of textile materials.
Mohd Shabbir joined Wuhan Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy in September 2019 as a postdoctoral researcher. Prior to that he had been working as an assistant professor in the Department of Chemistry, Sanskriti University (Mathura/India), and NIET, greater Noida, India. He obtained his PhD in 2017 from Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India. He has edited two books with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint.
Aminoddin Haji obtained his PhD from Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. He is an assistant professor in the Department of Textile Engineering, Yazd University, Iran. His area of interest is surface modification of textiles; natural and synthetic dyeing of textiles and nanotechnology in textiles and wastewater treatment. He has published more than 50 papers in international journals (ISI and Scopus) and presented more than 50 papers in international conferences.
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Table of Contents
Preface
Part 1: Sustainable Dye Extraction and Dyeing Techniques
Extraction and Application of Natural Dyes
Sanjeeda Iqbal and Taiyaba Nimra Ansari
1.1 Introduction
1.2 What are Natural Dyes?
1.3 Why Natural Dyes?
1.4 What are Synthetic Dyes?
1.5 Sources of Natural Dyes
1.6 Types of Natural Dyes
1.6.1 Classification on the Basis of Their Chemical Constitution
1.6.2 Classification Based on Method of Application/ Preparation
1.7 Natural Dyes Need Fixing Agent (Mordants) for Bonding
1.7.1 Metallic Mordants
1.7.2 Tannins and Tannic Acid
1.7.3 Oil Mordants
1.7.4 Bio-Mordants
1.7.5 Method of Application
1.8 Fibers/Fabrics Used for Natural Dyeing
1.8.1 Cellulosic Fiber
1.8.2 Protein Fiber
1.8.3 Synthetic Fiber
1.9 Extraction of Natural Dyes
1.10 Dyeing Process
1.10.1 Preparation of Fabric Before Dyeing
1.10.2 Mechanism of Dyeing
1.10.3 Process of Dyeing
1.11 Evaluation of the Dyed Fabric
1.11.1 Color Strength or K/S Value
1.11.2 Color Fastness Properties
1.12 Some Special Characteristics of Naturally Dyed Fabric
1.12.1 Antimicrobial Properties
1.12.2 UV Protection
1.12.3 Deodorizing Finishing
1.12.4 Moth Resistant and Insect Repellent
1.13 Conclusion
1.13.1 Overview
1.13.2 Legislative Regulations for Synthetic Dyes
1.13.3 Sustainability Aspects of Natural Dyes
1.13.4 Practicality of Natural Dyes
Acknowledgement
References
2. Recent Advances in Non-Aqueous Dyeing Systems
Omer Kamal Alebeid, Elwathig A.M. Hassan and LiujunPei
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Supercritical Fluid Dyeing System
2.2.1 Application of Supercritical CO2 on Synthetic Fabric
2.2.2 Application of Supercritical CO2 on Natural Fabric
2.2.3 Dyes Solubility in Supercritical Fluids
2.3 Reverse Micelle Systems
2.3.1 Mechanism and Formation of Reverse Micelle
2.3.2 Application of Reverse Micelle Dyeing System
2.4 Solvent Dyeing
2.5 Silicone Non-Aqueous Dyeing
2.6 Conclusion
References
3. Structural Coloration of Textile Materials
Showkat Ali Ganie and Qing Li
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Thin-Film Interference
3.2.1 Principle of Thin-Film Interference
3.2.2 Multilayer Interference
References i
4. Enzymatic Wet Processing
Mohammad Toufiqul Hoque, Nur-Us-Shafa Mazumder and Mohammad Tajul Islam
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Enzymes
4.3 Function of Enzymes
4.4 Classification of Enzymes
4.5 Αn-Amylase Enzyme for Desizing
4.6 Pectinase Enzyme for Scouring
4.7 Protease Enzyme for Wool Anti-Felting
4.8 Cellulase Enzyme for Biopolishing and Biostoning
4.9 Hairiness Removal Mechanism
4.9.1 During Scouring and Bleaching in Alkaline Condition
4.9.2 Applying Before Dyeing in Acidic Condition
4.10 Enzyme Decolorization of Textile Effluent
4.11 Enzymes for Increasing Dyeability of Different Fibers
4.11.1 Application on Cotton
4.11.2 Application on Nylon
4.12 Conclusion
References
Part 2: Sustainable Functional Finishing of Various Textile Materials
5. Coating Textiles: Towards Sustainable Processes
Imene Ghezal
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Most Used Polymers for Coating Textiles
5.2.1 Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
5.2.2 Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc)
5.2.3 Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)
5.2.4 Polyurethanes (PUs)
5.2.5 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Polyvinylidene Chloride (PVDC)
5.2.6 Polysiloxanes
5.2.7 Acrylics
5.2.8 Phosphorous-Based Polymers
5.3 Traditional Coating Methods
5.4 Environmental Friendly Polymers
5.4.1 Cyclodextrins
5.4.2 Chitin and Chitosan
5.4.3 Sodium Alginate
5.4.4 Polyethylene Glycols
5.4.5 Natural Rubber
5.4.6 Polyvinyl Alcohol
5.4.7 Dendrimers
5.4.8 Sericin
5.4.9 Polyphenols
5.5 Sustainable Coating Technologies
5.5.1 Powder Coating Technique
5.5.2 Sol–Gel Technology
5.5.3 Plasma Treatment
5.5.4 Electro-Fluidodynamic Technology
5.5.5 Supercritical Fluid Technology
5.5.6 Vapor Deposition Methods
5.6 Conclusion
References
6. A Review on Hydrophobicity and Fabricating Hydrophobic Surfaces on the Textiles
Mohammad Khajeh Mehrizi and Zahra Shahi
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Self-Cleaning Surfaces
6.3 Applications of Hydrophobic Surfaces
6.4 Basic Theories: Modeling of Contact Angle
6.4.1 Young’s Model
6.4.2 Wenzel Model (Homogeneous Interface)
6.4.3 Cassie–Baxter Model (Composite Interface)
6.5 Techniques to Make Super-Hydrophobic Surfaces
6.6 Methods of Applying Hydrophobic Coating on Textiles
6.6.1 Dip-Coating
6.6.2 Spray Coating
6.7 Contact Angles (CA) Measurement
6.8 Research Records on Hydrophobic Surface Production
6.9 Conclusion
References
7. UV Protection: Historical Perspectives and State-of-the-Art Achievements
Narcisa Vrinceanu and Diana Coman
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Fundamentals Regarding UV Protection of Textile Fabrics
7.2.1 The Design of the Woven Support Represents a Relevant Factor That Directly Affect UPF
7.2.2 The Synergism Between Structural Parameters and UV Protection of Textile Supports
7.2.3 Yarn Curve End up Being the Significant Determinant of the UV Security Attributes of Textile Supports
7.2.4 The Correlation Between Fabric Porosity and Cover Factor and UV Protection
7.2.5 Concepts of Ultraviolet Protection Factor and Sun Protection Factor
7.3 UV Stabilizers Beginnings and Initial Development
7.3.1 UV Protection Finishing of Fabrics Using Nanoparticles
7.3.1.1 Inorganic Formulations With Nano-ZnO Particles
7.3.1.2 UV Shield of Cotton Support Conferred by TiO2 Nanoparticles
7.3.1.3 Formulations Containing Nanoparticles of ZnO, Titania, Silica, Silver, Carbon- Nanotubes, Graphene and Silver Onto Cotton Textiles
7.3.2 UV Protection of Fabrics by Dyeing of Textile Supports
7.3.3 Other Kind of Finishes
7.4 Conclusion
References
8. Synthetic and Natural UV Protective Agents for Textile Finishing
Iftay Khairul Alam, Nazia Nourin Moury and Mohammad Tajul Islam
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR)
8.3 Importance of Ultraviolet Protective Finish
8.3.1 Ultraviolet Protection With Textiles
8.4 Methods of Blocking Ultraviolet Rays
8.5 Ultraviolet Protection Factor Measurement System
8.5.1 In Vitro
8.5.2 In Vivo
8.6 Clothing Factors Affecting Ultraviolet Protection Factor
8.6.1 Fabric Structure
8.6.2 Fiber Physio-Chemical Nature
8.6.3 Dyeing
8.7 Mechanisms of UV Protection
8.8 Types of Ultraviolet Absorbers
8.8.1 Organic
8.8.2 Inorganic
8.9 Commercial Ultraviolet Protective Clothing
8.10 Nanoparticle Coatings for Ultraviolet Protective Textiles
8.11 Durability of Ultraviolet Protective Finish
8.12 Conclusion
References
9. Sustainable Orientation of Textile Industry Companies
Gherghel Sabina
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Textile Industry—Environmental, Social and Economic Issues
9.3 Circular Economy
9.4 Sustainability Circles
9.5 Circularity in the Supply Chain
9.6 Consumer Behavior of Sustainable Textile Products
9.7 Decision to Purchase Sustainable Textile Products
9.8 Policies and Strategies Used in the Sustainable Textile Industry
9.9 Conclusions
References
Part 3: Sustainable Wastewater Remediation
10. Sustainable Application of Ionic Flocculation Method for Textile Effluent Treatment
Hamadia Sultana, Muhammad Usman, Abdul Ghaffar,
Tanveer Hussain Bokhari, Asim Mansha, and Amnah Yusaf
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Conventional Methods for Degradation of Textile Effluents
10.2.1 Biological Methods
10.2.2 Chemical Methods
10.2.3 Physical Methods
10.3 Surfactants
10.4 Adsorptive Micellar Flocculation (AMF)
10.5 Mechanism
10.6 Choice of Flocculant
10.7 Analysis and Calculations
10.7.1 Analysis of Reagents
10.7.2 Calculated Parameters
10.8 Optimization of Conditions for Better Removal of Dye Using AMF
10.8.1 Effect of Temperature
10.8.2 Effect of pH
10.8.3 Surfactant Dosage
10.8.4 Flocculant/Surfactant Ratio
10.8.5 Addition of Electrolyte
10.8.6 Contact Time and Stirring Speed
10.9 Potential Advantages of AMF
10.10 Application to Wastewaters
10.11 Conclusion
10.12 Future Prospective
References
11. Remediation of Textile Wastewater by Ozonation
Astha Gupta, Suhail Ayoub Khan and Tabrez Alam Khan
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Sources of Wastewater
11.3 Ozonation Remediation for Textile Water
11.3.1 Impact of pH on Uptake of Organic Pollutants
11.3.2 Impact of Initial Dye Concentration
11.3.3 Impact of Inlet Ozone Concentration
11.3.4 Impact of Ozonation Time
11.4 Impact of Various Techniques in Combination Ozonation Process for Treatment of Textile Wastewater
11.5 Degradation of Dyes via Ozonation
11.6 Conclusion
References
12. Design of a New Cold Atmospheric Plasma Reactor Based on Dielelectric Barrier Discharge for the Treatment and Recovery of Textile Dyeing Wastewater: Profoks/CAP Reactor 285
Lokman Hakan Tecer and Ali Mutlu Gündüz
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) in Wastewater Treatment
12.2.1 Cold Atmospheric Plasma Technology (CAP)
12.2.2 Formation and Chemical Reactivity of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) 12.2.3 CAP/AOP Application in Textile Wastewater Treatment
12.3 Profoks/CAP Wastewater Treatment and Water Recovery System
12.3.1 Profoks/CAP Wastewater Treatment and Water Recovery System and Textile
Wastewater Recovery Studies
12.3.2 Profoks/CAP Wastewater Treatment and Water Recovery System and the Results of Treatability of Textile Wastewater and the Study of Water Recovery
12.3.3 Profoks/CAP Wastewater Treatment and Water Recovery System Investment
and Operating Costs
12.4 Conclusion
References
13. Nanotechnology and its Application in Wastewater Treatment
Nitu Singh, Manzoor Ahmad Malik and Athar Adil Hashmi
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Nanotechnology
13.2.1 Adsorption
13.2.1.1 Carbon-Based Nanoadsorbents
13.2.1.2 Metal-Based
13.2.1.3 Polymeric Nanaoadsorbents
13.2.1.4 Zeolites
13.2.2 Membrane-Based Techniques
13.2.2.1 Nanofiber Membranes
13.2.2.2 Nanocomposite Membranes 3
13.2.2.3 Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes
13.2.2.4 Nanofiltration Membranes
13.2.2.5. Aquaporin-Based Membranes
13.2.3 Metal Nanoparticles
13.2.3.1 Silver Nanoparticles
13.2.3.2 Iron Nanoparticles
13.2.3.3 Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
13.3 Conclusion
References
Index
Back to Top
Preface
Part 1: Sustainable Dye Extraction and Dyeing Techniques
Extraction and Application of Natural Dyes
Sanjeeda Iqbal and Taiyaba Nimra Ansari
1.1 Introduction
1.2 What are Natural Dyes?
1.3 Why Natural Dyes?
1.4 What are Synthetic Dyes?
1.5 Sources of Natural Dyes
1.6 Types of Natural Dyes
1.6.1 Classification on the Basis of Their Chemical Constitution
1.6.2 Classification Based on Method of Application/ Preparation
1.7 Natural Dyes Need Fixing Agent (Mordants) for Bonding
1.7.1 Metallic Mordants
1.7.2 Tannins and Tannic Acid
1.7.3 Oil Mordants
1.7.4 Bio-Mordants
1.7.5 Method of Application
1.8 Fibers/Fabrics Used for Natural Dyeing
1.8.1 Cellulosic Fiber
1.8.2 Protein Fiber
1.8.3 Synthetic Fiber
1.9 Extraction of Natural Dyes
1.10 Dyeing Process
1.10.1 Preparation of Fabric Before Dyeing
1.10.2 Mechanism of Dyeing
1.10.3 Process of Dyeing
1.11 Evaluation of the Dyed Fabric
1.11.1 Color Strength or K/S Value
1.11.2 Color Fastness Properties
1.12 Some Special Characteristics of Naturally Dyed Fabric
1.12.1 Antimicrobial Properties
1.12.2 UV Protection
1.12.3 Deodorizing Finishing
1.12.4 Moth Resistant and Insect Repellent
1.13 Conclusion
1.13.1 Overview
1.13.2 Legislative Regulations for Synthetic Dyes
1.13.3 Sustainability Aspects of Natural Dyes
1.13.4 Practicality of Natural Dyes
Acknowledgement
References
2. Recent Advances in Non-Aqueous Dyeing Systems
Omer Kamal Alebeid, Elwathig A.M. Hassan and LiujunPei
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Supercritical Fluid Dyeing System
2.2.1 Application of Supercritical CO2 on Synthetic Fabric
2.2.2 Application of Supercritical CO2 on Natural Fabric
2.2.3 Dyes Solubility in Supercritical Fluids
2.3 Reverse Micelle Systems
2.3.1 Mechanism and Formation of Reverse Micelle
2.3.2 Application of Reverse Micelle Dyeing System
2.4 Solvent Dyeing
2.5 Silicone Non-Aqueous Dyeing
2.6 Conclusion
References
3. Structural Coloration of Textile Materials
Showkat Ali Ganie and Qing Li
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Thin-Film Interference
3.2.1 Principle of Thin-Film Interference
3.2.2 Multilayer Interference
References i
4. Enzymatic Wet Processing
Mohammad Toufiqul Hoque, Nur-Us-Shafa Mazumder and Mohammad Tajul Islam
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Enzymes
4.3 Function of Enzymes
4.4 Classification of Enzymes
4.5 Αn-Amylase Enzyme for Desizing
4.6 Pectinase Enzyme for Scouring
4.7 Protease Enzyme for Wool Anti-Felting
4.8 Cellulase Enzyme for Biopolishing and Biostoning
4.9 Hairiness Removal Mechanism
4.9.1 During Scouring and Bleaching in Alkaline Condition
4.9.2 Applying Before Dyeing in Acidic Condition
4.10 Enzyme Decolorization of Textile Effluent
4.11 Enzymes for Increasing Dyeability of Different Fibers
4.11.1 Application on Cotton
4.11.2 Application on Nylon
4.12 Conclusion
References
Part 2: Sustainable Functional Finishing of Various Textile Materials
5. Coating Textiles: Towards Sustainable Processes
Imene Ghezal
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Most Used Polymers for Coating Textiles
5.2.1 Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
5.2.2 Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc)
5.2.3 Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)
5.2.4 Polyurethanes (PUs)
5.2.5 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Polyvinylidene Chloride (PVDC)
5.2.6 Polysiloxanes
5.2.7 Acrylics
5.2.8 Phosphorous-Based Polymers
5.3 Traditional Coating Methods
5.4 Environmental Friendly Polymers
5.4.1 Cyclodextrins
5.4.2 Chitin and Chitosan
5.4.3 Sodium Alginate
5.4.4 Polyethylene Glycols
5.4.5 Natural Rubber
5.4.6 Polyvinyl Alcohol
5.4.7 Dendrimers
5.4.8 Sericin
5.4.9 Polyphenols
5.5 Sustainable Coating Technologies
5.5.1 Powder Coating Technique
5.5.2 Sol–Gel Technology
5.5.3 Plasma Treatment
5.5.4 Electro-Fluidodynamic Technology
5.5.5 Supercritical Fluid Technology
5.5.6 Vapor Deposition Methods
5.6 Conclusion
References
6. A Review on Hydrophobicity and Fabricating Hydrophobic Surfaces on the Textiles
Mohammad Khajeh Mehrizi and Zahra Shahi
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Self-Cleaning Surfaces
6.3 Applications of Hydrophobic Surfaces
6.4 Basic Theories: Modeling of Contact Angle
6.4.1 Young’s Model
6.4.2 Wenzel Model (Homogeneous Interface)
6.4.3 Cassie–Baxter Model (Composite Interface)
6.5 Techniques to Make Super-Hydrophobic Surfaces
6.6 Methods of Applying Hydrophobic Coating on Textiles
6.6.1 Dip-Coating
6.6.2 Spray Coating
6.7 Contact Angles (CA) Measurement
6.8 Research Records on Hydrophobic Surface Production
6.9 Conclusion
References
7. UV Protection: Historical Perspectives and State-of-the-Art Achievements
Narcisa Vrinceanu and Diana Coman
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Fundamentals Regarding UV Protection of Textile Fabrics
7.2.1 The Design of the Woven Support Represents a Relevant Factor That Directly Affect UPF
7.2.2 The Synergism Between Structural Parameters and UV Protection of Textile Supports
7.2.3 Yarn Curve End up Being the Significant Determinant of the UV Security Attributes of Textile Supports
7.2.4 The Correlation Between Fabric Porosity and Cover Factor and UV Protection
7.2.5 Concepts of Ultraviolet Protection Factor and Sun Protection Factor
7.3 UV Stabilizers Beginnings and Initial Development
7.3.1 UV Protection Finishing of Fabrics Using Nanoparticles
7.3.1.1 Inorganic Formulations With Nano-ZnO Particles
7.3.1.2 UV Shield of Cotton Support Conferred by TiO2 Nanoparticles
7.3.1.3 Formulations Containing Nanoparticles of ZnO, Titania, Silica, Silver, Carbon- Nanotubes, Graphene and Silver Onto Cotton Textiles
7.3.2 UV Protection of Fabrics by Dyeing of Textile Supports
7.3.3 Other Kind of Finishes
7.4 Conclusion
References
8. Synthetic and Natural UV Protective Agents for Textile Finishing
Iftay Khairul Alam, Nazia Nourin Moury and Mohammad Tajul Islam
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR)
8.3 Importance of Ultraviolet Protective Finish
8.3.1 Ultraviolet Protection With Textiles
8.4 Methods of Blocking Ultraviolet Rays
8.5 Ultraviolet Protection Factor Measurement System
8.5.1 In Vitro
8.5.2 In Vivo
8.6 Clothing Factors Affecting Ultraviolet Protection Factor
8.6.1 Fabric Structure
8.6.2 Fiber Physio-Chemical Nature
8.6.3 Dyeing
8.7 Mechanisms of UV Protection
8.8 Types of Ultraviolet Absorbers
8.8.1 Organic
8.8.2 Inorganic
8.9 Commercial Ultraviolet Protective Clothing
8.10 Nanoparticle Coatings for Ultraviolet Protective Textiles
8.11 Durability of Ultraviolet Protective Finish
8.12 Conclusion
References
9. Sustainable Orientation of Textile Industry Companies
Gherghel Sabina
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Textile Industry—Environmental, Social and Economic Issues
9.3 Circular Economy
9.4 Sustainability Circles
9.5 Circularity in the Supply Chain
9.6 Consumer Behavior of Sustainable Textile Products
9.7 Decision to Purchase Sustainable Textile Products
9.8 Policies and Strategies Used in the Sustainable Textile Industry
9.9 Conclusions
References
Part 3: Sustainable Wastewater Remediation
10. Sustainable Application of Ionic Flocculation Method for Textile Effluent Treatment
Hamadia Sultana, Muhammad Usman, Abdul Ghaffar,
Tanveer Hussain Bokhari, Asim Mansha, and Amnah Yusaf
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Conventional Methods for Degradation of Textile Effluents
10.2.1 Biological Methods
10.2.2 Chemical Methods
10.2.3 Physical Methods
10.3 Surfactants
10.4 Adsorptive Micellar Flocculation (AMF)
10.5 Mechanism
10.6 Choice of Flocculant
10.7 Analysis and Calculations
10.7.1 Analysis of Reagents
10.7.2 Calculated Parameters
10.8 Optimization of Conditions for Better Removal of Dye Using AMF
10.8.1 Effect of Temperature
10.8.2 Effect of pH
10.8.3 Surfactant Dosage
10.8.4 Flocculant/Surfactant Ratio
10.8.5 Addition of Electrolyte
10.8.6 Contact Time and Stirring Speed
10.9 Potential Advantages of AMF
10.10 Application to Wastewaters
10.11 Conclusion
10.12 Future Prospective
References
11. Remediation of Textile Wastewater by Ozonation
Astha Gupta, Suhail Ayoub Khan and Tabrez Alam Khan
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Sources of Wastewater
11.3 Ozonation Remediation for Textile Water
11.3.1 Impact of pH on Uptake of Organic Pollutants
11.3.2 Impact of Initial Dye Concentration
11.3.3 Impact of Inlet Ozone Concentration
11.3.4 Impact of Ozonation Time
11.4 Impact of Various Techniques in Combination Ozonation Process for Treatment of Textile Wastewater
11.5 Degradation of Dyes via Ozonation
11.6 Conclusion
References
12. Design of a New Cold Atmospheric Plasma Reactor Based on Dielelectric Barrier Discharge for the Treatment and Recovery of Textile Dyeing Wastewater: Profoks/CAP Reactor 285
Lokman Hakan Tecer and Ali Mutlu Gündüz
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) in Wastewater Treatment
12.2.1 Cold Atmospheric Plasma Technology (CAP)
12.2.2 Formation and Chemical Reactivity of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) 12.2.3 CAP/AOP Application in Textile Wastewater Treatment
12.3 Profoks/CAP Wastewater Treatment and Water Recovery System
12.3.1 Profoks/CAP Wastewater Treatment and Water Recovery System and Textile
Wastewater Recovery Studies
12.3.2 Profoks/CAP Wastewater Treatment and Water Recovery System and the Results of Treatability of Textile Wastewater and the Study of Water Recovery
12.3.3 Profoks/CAP Wastewater Treatment and Water Recovery System Investment
and Operating Costs
12.4 Conclusion
References
13. Nanotechnology and its Application in Wastewater Treatment
Nitu Singh, Manzoor Ahmad Malik and Athar Adil Hashmi
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Nanotechnology
13.2.1 Adsorption
13.2.1.1 Carbon-Based Nanoadsorbents
13.2.1.2 Metal-Based
13.2.1.3 Polymeric Nanaoadsorbents
13.2.1.4 Zeolites
13.2.2 Membrane-Based Techniques
13.2.2.1 Nanofiber Membranes
13.2.2.2 Nanocomposite Membranes 3
13.2.2.3 Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes
13.2.2.4 Nanofiltration Membranes
13.2.2.5. Aquaporin-Based Membranes
13.2.3 Metal Nanoparticles
13.2.3.1 Silver Nanoparticles
13.2.3.2 Iron Nanoparticles
13.2.3.3 Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
13.3 Conclusion
References
Index
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