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Submit a ProposalHandbook of Agricultural Biotechnology
 | Volume III Nanofungicides Edited by Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji and Julius Kola Oloke Copyright: 2024 | Status: Published ISBN: 9781119836162 | Hardcover | 232 pages Price: $195 USD  |
One Line Description
This book provides state-of-the-art information about recent advancements in the application of nanobiofungicides for effective management of post-harvest diseases and agricultural fungal diseases, including blights, mildews, molds, and rusts.
Audience
The book is a useful resource for a diverse audience, including industrialists, food industry professionals, agriculturists, agricultural microbiologists, plant pathologists, botanists, microbiologists, biotechnologists, nanotechnologists, microbial biotechnologists, farmers, policymakers, and extension workers.
The book is a useful resource for a diverse audience, including industrialists, food industry professionals, agriculturists, agricultural microbiologists, plant pathologists, botanists, microbiologists, biotechnologists, nanotechnologists, microbial biotechnologists, farmers, policymakers, and extension workers.
Description
The book details the formulation and standardization of nanobiofungicides, as well as their application in the management of biotic and abiotic stress. It provides relevant information on the isolation, characterization, purification, and structural characterization of active constituents, using spectroscopic techniques and explains the quarantine and regulatory issues that are associated with nanobiofungicides (derived from plants and other biogenic sources), as well as various regulatory bodies that manage the control of pesticides on agricultural products.
Readers will learn about the application of nanobiofungicides when applied as a biocontrol agent against soil-borne and root-borne plant pathogens; the management of mycotoxin; the non-target effect of plant-based nanobiofungicides when applied in the greenhouse and field (such as rate of CO2 evolution, organic carbon content, enzymatic activity, acidic and alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenases, urease, and protease); and the effect on soil microorganisms using different assay techniques. Furthermore, the book provides information on several plant materials that could serve as nanobiofungicdes, and explains the procedure involved in the characterization of plant-based nanobiofungicides (using TEM, SEM, XRD, EDX, UV, zeta potential, dynamic light-scattering). Finally, it offers a specific illustration on the application of microencapsulation and nanoformulation technology in the synthesis of plant-based nanobiofungicides.
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The book details the formulation and standardization of nanobiofungicides, as well as their application in the management of biotic and abiotic stress. It provides relevant information on the isolation, characterization, purification, and structural characterization of active constituents, using spectroscopic techniques and explains the quarantine and regulatory issues that are associated with nanobiofungicides (derived from plants and other biogenic sources), as well as various regulatory bodies that manage the control of pesticides on agricultural products.
Readers will learn about the application of nanobiofungicides when applied as a biocontrol agent against soil-borne and root-borne plant pathogens; the management of mycotoxin; the non-target effect of plant-based nanobiofungicides when applied in the greenhouse and field (such as rate of CO2 evolution, organic carbon content, enzymatic activity, acidic and alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenases, urease, and protease); and the effect on soil microorganisms using different assay techniques. Furthermore, the book provides information on several plant materials that could serve as nanobiofungicdes, and explains the procedure involved in the characterization of plant-based nanobiofungicides (using TEM, SEM, XRD, EDX, UV, zeta potential, dynamic light-scattering). Finally, it offers a specific illustration on the application of microencapsulation and nanoformulation technology in the synthesis of plant-based nanobiofungicides.
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Author / Editor Details
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology at the Edo University Iyamho, in Edo State, Nigeria. Currently, he is the Director of Intellectual Properties and Technology Transfer and Chairman of the Committee on Research Grants at EUI. He has won several scientific awards and grants from renowned academic bodies such as the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) India. He has published more than 600 papers in peer-reviewed national and international journals as well as more than 50 books, 340 book chapters, and many scientific patents.
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology at the Edo University Iyamho, in Edo State, Nigeria. Currently, he is the Director of Intellectual Properties and Technology Transfer and Chairman of the Committee on Research Grants at EUI. He has won several scientific awards and grants from renowned academic bodies such as the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) India. He has published more than 600 papers in peer-reviewed national and international journals as well as more than 50 books, 340 book chapters, and many scientific patents.
Julius Kola Oloke, PhD, is a Professor and Vice Chancellor in the Department of Pure and Applied Biology at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. He has a PhD in microbiology from Obafemi Awolowo University in 1989. Professor Oloke was conferred with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award by the Federal Government of Nigeria in August 2012, for his work on formulating an immune modulating agent known as Trinity Immuno-booster (Trino IB) which has been used in many countries.
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Table of Contents
Preface
1. Introduction to Nanobiofungicides
Frank Abimbola Ogundolie and Michael O. Okpara
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Mechanism of Action of Nanobiofungicides
References
2. Relevance of Nanobiofungicides in the Prevention of Abiotic Stress
Gloria Omorowa Omoregie, Edokpolor Osazee Ohanmu, Francis Aibuedefe Igiebor, Yvonne Dike, Chima James Rufus, Esther Eniola, Saheed Ibrahim Musa, Emmanuel Ochoche Shaibu and Beckley Ikhajiagbe
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Biotic Stress
2.1.2 Abiotic Stress
2.1.2.1 Salinity
2.1.2.2 Drought
2.1.2.3 Temperature
2.1.2.4 Flooding
2.1.3 Environment Stress and Fungal Effects
2.2 Fungicides
2.2.1 Fungicides are Classified According To
2.2.1.1 Mobile vs. Contact Mobility in the Plant (Types of Systemics)
2.2.2 Chemo Fungicides
2.2.2.1 Production of Sterols, Lipids, and Extra Membrane Mechanism
2.2.2.2 Agrochemicals’ Modes of Action Against Plant Pathogenic Organisms
2.2.3 Fungi
2.2.3.1 Zygomycetes
2.2.4 Fungicides
2.3 Biofungicides
2.3.1 Composition
2.3.2 Types of Biofungicides
2.3.3 Examples of Biofungicides
2.3.4 Production of Biofungicides
2.3.5 Evaluation of Biofungicides
2.3.6 Mechanism of Biofungicides
2.3.7 Application of Fungicides
2.3.8 Advantages and Disadvantages of Biofungicides
2.3.9 Limiting Factors in the Use of Microbial Biofungicides
2.3.10 Challenges in the Use of Biofungicides
2.4 Nanoparticles as Applied to Biofungicides
2.4.1 Formation of Nanoparticles
2.4.1.1 Top-Down/Mechanical-Physical Manufacturing Procedures
2.4.1.2 Bottom-Up/Chemo-Physical Processes of Production
2.4.2 Nanoparticles of Various Types
2.4.2.1 Types of Nanoparticles
2.4.3 Nanoparticle Applications
2.4.3.1 Medication/Medicine
2.4.3.2 Production of Food
2.4.3.3 Improving the Quality of Water
2.4.3.4 Textiles and Fabrics
2.4.3.5 Electronics and Devices
2.4.4 Nanoparticles in Biofungicides
2.4.5 Nanobiofungicides: Are They the Fungicides of the Future?
2.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
3. Management of Mycotoxins
Ogundolie Frank Abimbola, Akande Olamide Abigael, Manjia Jacqueline Njikam, Ayilara Modupe Stella and Adetunji Charles Oluwaseun
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Effect of Mycotoxin Contamination on Fish
3.3 Effect of Mycotoxin Contamination on Edible Insects
3.4 Management of Mycotoxins
3.5 Physical Methods
3.6 Chemical Methods
3.7 Biological Methods
3.8 Recent Methods for Detection and Management of Mycotoxins
3.9 Conclusion
References
4. Nanobiofungicides Derived from Beneficial Plants
Ojo, S.K.S., Oluwole, B.R., Ojo, A.M., Otugboyega, J.O. and Ayo, I.O.
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Various Types of Nanoparticles Used as Biofungicides
4.2.1 Nanostructures as Anti-Inflammatory Agents
4.2.2 Nanoparticles Acting as Carriers
4.3 Forms of Nanomaterials
4.3.1 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
4.3.2 Quantum Dots (QDs)
4.3.3 Nanocrystals
4.3.4 Micro- and Nanoencapsulation
4.3.5 Nanoemulsions
4.3.6 Various Nanoparticles as Biopesticides
4.3.7 Fungicide-Loaded Biobased Lignin Nanocarriers
4.3.8 Nanobiofungicides
4.4 Advantages of Biofungicides on Chemically Synthesized Fungicides
4.5 Mode of Action of Nanobiofungicides
4.6 Conclusion
References
5. Characterization of Plant-Based Nanobiofungicides
Abel Inobeme, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, John Tsado Mathew, Alexander Ikechukwu Ajai and Jacob John Olusanya
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The Role of Plant-Based Nanofungicides in the Management of Plant Diseases
5.3 General Physicochemical Properties of Nanofungicides
5.4 Recent Studies on Characterization of Plant-Based Nanobiofungicides Using Various Instrumental Techniques
5.5 Characterization Techniques for Nanofungicide and Their Principles
5.5.1 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
5.5.2 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
5.5.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
5.5.4 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
5.5.5 Zeta Potential (ZP)
5.5.6 Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS or EDX)
5.6 Conclusion
References
6. Relevance of Nanofungicides on the Social and its Bioeconomy Perspectives in Attaining Sustainable Development Goals
Abere Benjamin Olusola and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Fungi as Efficient Mycosystems
6.3 Literature Review
6.4 Nanofungicides’ Influence on the Establishment of Sustainable Development Goals
6.5 Conclusion
References
7. Biological Control of Stored Product Pest and Pathogens Using Nanobiofungicides
Kehinde Abraham Odelade, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Peace Abiodun Olajide, Taofiqat Oludolapo Olaniyan, Dorcas Adebambo Odelade, Goodness Oluchukwu Jonah, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Biopesticides
7.2.1 The Mode of Action of Biopesticides
7.3 Nanotechnology
7.3.1 The Functions of Nanoparticles
7.3.2 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
7.3.3 Quantum Dots
7.3.4 Nanorods
7.3.5 Micro- and Nanoencapsulation
7.3.6 Nano-Emulsions
7.4 Nanoparticles and Pathogenesis: A Step in Advance Plant Disease Surveillance and Control
7.5 Penetration, Transport, and Mechanism of Action of Nanoparticles
7.6 Metal Nanoparticles Used in Plant Pathology
7.6.1 Silver (Ag) NPs
7.6.2 Gold (Au) NPs
7.6.3 Copper (Cu) Nanoparticles
7.6.4 Nickel (Ni) NPs
7.6.5 Selenium (Se) NPs
7.6.6 Silicon (Si) NPs
7.6.7 Cadmium (Cd) Nanoparticles
7.7 Regulatory Laws and Commercial NPs Goods
7.8 The Use of NPs as a Means of Achieving the SD2030 Goal of Sustainable Agriculture
7.9 Insecticides Based on Nanomaterials
7.10 Agriculture and Nanomaterials
7.11 Nanopesticide
7.12 Nanotechnology’s Potential Applications in the Pesticides Industry
7.12.1 Nanobiofungicide
7.12.2 Fungi Mycosystems
7.13 Exposure to Nanotechnology-Based Pesticides (NBPs) Requires Special Attention
7.14 Pesticides Using Nanoscale Materials are Regulated by the EPA
7.15 Future Expectations
7.16 Conclusion
References
8. Next-Generation Bionanofungicides Against Agricultural Pathogens
Y.M.S.M. Yapa and Jayani J. Wewalwela
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Pathogens: Soil-Borne and Root-Borne Plant Pathogens
8.3 Types of Botanicals Used as Biofungicides
8.3.1 Phenolic and Polyphenolic Compounds
8.3.1.1 Flavonoids
8.3.1.2 Non-Flavonoids
8.3.2 Terpenes
8.3.2.1 Eugenol
8.3.2.2 Cinnamaldehyde
8.3.2.3 Carvacrol
8.3.2.4 Thymol
8.3.3 Essential Oils
8.4 Past and Current Scenario of Bionanofungicides
8.5 Future Prospects
8.6 Conclusion
References
9. Eleusine indica: Nanofungicidal and Other Biological Activities
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Daniel Ingo Hefft, Olugbenga Samuel Michael, Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan, Maksim Rebezov, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Gulmira Baibalinova, Ruth Ebunoluwa Bodunrinde, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Mayowa Jeremiah Adeniyi, Abel Inobeme, John Tsado Mathew, Temidayo Oluyomi Elufisan, Omotayo Opemipo Oyedara and Chibuzor Victory Chukwu
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Role of Eleusine indica in Nanobiotechnology
9.3 Fungicidal Activity of Eleusine indica
9.4 Bioactivity of Eleusine indica
9.5 Other Biological Effects of Eleusine indica
9.5.1 Antibacterial Effect
9.5.2 Antiviral Effect
9.5.3 Antipyretic Effects
9.5.4 Cardiovascular Effects
9.5.5 Nervous Effects
9.5.6 Anti-Inflammatory Effects
9.5.7 Antioxidant Effects
9.5.8 Anticancer Effect
9.6 Eleusine indica: Hypogycemic, Hypolipidemic, Hepatoprotective, and Antimicrobial Effects
References
10. Nanofungicidal and Other Activities of Cyclopiagenistoides
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Daniel Ingo Hefft, Olugbenga Samuel Michael, Maksim Rebezov, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Nikolai Maksimiuk, Ruth Ebunoluwa Bodunrinde, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji,
Mayowa Jeremiah Adeniyi, Abel Inobeme, John Tsado Mathew, Temidayo Oluyomi Elufisan, Omotayo Opemipo Oyedara and Chibuzor Victory Chukwu
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Fungicidal Activities of Cyclopiagenistoides
10.3 The Role of Cyclopiagenistoides-Synthesized Flavonoids in Nanotechnology
10.4 Bioactivity
10.4.1 Antipyretic Effect
10.4.2 Cardiovascular Effects
10.4.3 Nervous Effects
10.4.4 Anticancer Effects
10.4.5 Phyto-Estrogenic Effects
10.4.6 Antioxidant Effects
10.4.7 Antimicrobial Effect
10.5 Hypogycemic, Hypolipidemic, Hepatoprotective, and Anti-Ulcer Effects
References
11. Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsumura and Nakai: Nanofungicidal and Other Biological Activities
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbenga Samuel Michael, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Odoh Uchenna Estella, Osarenkhoe O. Osemwegie, Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan,
Omotayo Opemipo Oyedara, Maksim Rebezov, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Galiya Ibadullayeva, Abel Inobeme, John Tsado Mathew, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Ugwu Patience N., Ruth Ebunoluwa Bodunrinde, Mayowa Jeremiah Adeniyi and Chibuzor Victory Chukwu
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Brief Description of Citrullus lanatus
11.3 Antifungal Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Produced from Citrullus lanatus
11.4 Antifungal Activity of Citrullus lanatus
11.5 Citrullus lanatus as an Antibacteria
11.6 Citrullus lanatus as an Antivirus
11.7 Citrullus lanatus as an Antipyretic Agent
11.8 Cardiovascular Effects of Citrullus lanatus
11.9 Effect of Citrullus lanatus on the Nervous System
11.10 Anticancer Effects of Citrullus Lanatus
11.11 Lycopene Antioxidant Effects of Citrullus lanatus
11.12 Apoptotic Effects of Lycopene
11.13 Cell Cycle Arrest
11.14 Lycopene and Signaling Pathway
11.15 Metastasis
11.16 Anti-Diabetic Activity of Citrullus lanatus
11.17 Anti-Ulcer Effects of Citrullus lanatus
11.18 Hypoglycemic, Hypolipid, and Hepatoprotective Effects
11.19 Diuretic and Anti-Urolithiatic Activities
References
Index
Back to Top
Preface
1. Introduction to Nanobiofungicides
Frank Abimbola Ogundolie and Michael O. Okpara
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Mechanism of Action of Nanobiofungicides
References
2. Relevance of Nanobiofungicides in the Prevention of Abiotic Stress
Gloria Omorowa Omoregie, Edokpolor Osazee Ohanmu, Francis Aibuedefe Igiebor, Yvonne Dike, Chima James Rufus, Esther Eniola, Saheed Ibrahim Musa, Emmanuel Ochoche Shaibu and Beckley Ikhajiagbe
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Biotic Stress
2.1.2 Abiotic Stress
2.1.2.1 Salinity
2.1.2.2 Drought
2.1.2.3 Temperature
2.1.2.4 Flooding
2.1.3 Environment Stress and Fungal Effects
2.2 Fungicides
2.2.1 Fungicides are Classified According To
2.2.1.1 Mobile vs. Contact Mobility in the Plant (Types of Systemics)
2.2.2 Chemo Fungicides
2.2.2.1 Production of Sterols, Lipids, and Extra Membrane Mechanism
2.2.2.2 Agrochemicals’ Modes of Action Against Plant Pathogenic Organisms
2.2.3 Fungi
2.2.3.1 Zygomycetes
2.2.4 Fungicides
2.3 Biofungicides
2.3.1 Composition
2.3.2 Types of Biofungicides
2.3.3 Examples of Biofungicides
2.3.4 Production of Biofungicides
2.3.5 Evaluation of Biofungicides
2.3.6 Mechanism of Biofungicides
2.3.7 Application of Fungicides
2.3.8 Advantages and Disadvantages of Biofungicides
2.3.9 Limiting Factors in the Use of Microbial Biofungicides
2.3.10 Challenges in the Use of Biofungicides
2.4 Nanoparticles as Applied to Biofungicides
2.4.1 Formation of Nanoparticles
2.4.1.1 Top-Down/Mechanical-Physical Manufacturing Procedures
2.4.1.2 Bottom-Up/Chemo-Physical Processes of Production
2.4.2 Nanoparticles of Various Types
2.4.2.1 Types of Nanoparticles
2.4.3 Nanoparticle Applications
2.4.3.1 Medication/Medicine
2.4.3.2 Production of Food
2.4.3.3 Improving the Quality of Water
2.4.3.4 Textiles and Fabrics
2.4.3.5 Electronics and Devices
2.4.4 Nanoparticles in Biofungicides
2.4.5 Nanobiofungicides: Are They the Fungicides of the Future?
2.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
3. Management of Mycotoxins
Ogundolie Frank Abimbola, Akande Olamide Abigael, Manjia Jacqueline Njikam, Ayilara Modupe Stella and Adetunji Charles Oluwaseun
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Effect of Mycotoxin Contamination on Fish
3.3 Effect of Mycotoxin Contamination on Edible Insects
3.4 Management of Mycotoxins
3.5 Physical Methods
3.6 Chemical Methods
3.7 Biological Methods
3.8 Recent Methods for Detection and Management of Mycotoxins
3.9 Conclusion
References
4. Nanobiofungicides Derived from Beneficial Plants
Ojo, S.K.S., Oluwole, B.R., Ojo, A.M., Otugboyega, J.O. and Ayo, I.O.
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Various Types of Nanoparticles Used as Biofungicides
4.2.1 Nanostructures as Anti-Inflammatory Agents
4.2.2 Nanoparticles Acting as Carriers
4.3 Forms of Nanomaterials
4.3.1 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
4.3.2 Quantum Dots (QDs)
4.3.3 Nanocrystals
4.3.4 Micro- and Nanoencapsulation
4.3.5 Nanoemulsions
4.3.6 Various Nanoparticles as Biopesticides
4.3.7 Fungicide-Loaded Biobased Lignin Nanocarriers
4.3.8 Nanobiofungicides
4.4 Advantages of Biofungicides on Chemically Synthesized Fungicides
4.5 Mode of Action of Nanobiofungicides
4.6 Conclusion
References
5. Characterization of Plant-Based Nanobiofungicides
Abel Inobeme, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, John Tsado Mathew, Alexander Ikechukwu Ajai and Jacob John Olusanya
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The Role of Plant-Based Nanofungicides in the Management of Plant Diseases
5.3 General Physicochemical Properties of Nanofungicides
5.4 Recent Studies on Characterization of Plant-Based Nanobiofungicides Using Various Instrumental Techniques
5.5 Characterization Techniques for Nanofungicide and Their Principles
5.5.1 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
5.5.2 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
5.5.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
5.5.4 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
5.5.5 Zeta Potential (ZP)
5.5.6 Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS or EDX)
5.6 Conclusion
References
6. Relevance of Nanofungicides on the Social and its Bioeconomy Perspectives in Attaining Sustainable Development Goals
Abere Benjamin Olusola and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Fungi as Efficient Mycosystems
6.3 Literature Review
6.4 Nanofungicides’ Influence on the Establishment of Sustainable Development Goals
6.5 Conclusion
References
7. Biological Control of Stored Product Pest and Pathogens Using Nanobiofungicides
Kehinde Abraham Odelade, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Peace Abiodun Olajide, Taofiqat Oludolapo Olaniyan, Dorcas Adebambo Odelade, Goodness Oluchukwu Jonah, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Biopesticides
7.2.1 The Mode of Action of Biopesticides
7.3 Nanotechnology
7.3.1 The Functions of Nanoparticles
7.3.2 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
7.3.3 Quantum Dots
7.3.4 Nanorods
7.3.5 Micro- and Nanoencapsulation
7.3.6 Nano-Emulsions
7.4 Nanoparticles and Pathogenesis: A Step in Advance Plant Disease Surveillance and Control
7.5 Penetration, Transport, and Mechanism of Action of Nanoparticles
7.6 Metal Nanoparticles Used in Plant Pathology
7.6.1 Silver (Ag) NPs
7.6.2 Gold (Au) NPs
7.6.3 Copper (Cu) Nanoparticles
7.6.4 Nickel (Ni) NPs
7.6.5 Selenium (Se) NPs
7.6.6 Silicon (Si) NPs
7.6.7 Cadmium (Cd) Nanoparticles
7.7 Regulatory Laws and Commercial NPs Goods
7.8 The Use of NPs as a Means of Achieving the SD2030 Goal of Sustainable Agriculture
7.9 Insecticides Based on Nanomaterials
7.10 Agriculture and Nanomaterials
7.11 Nanopesticide
7.12 Nanotechnology’s Potential Applications in the Pesticides Industry
7.12.1 Nanobiofungicide
7.12.2 Fungi Mycosystems
7.13 Exposure to Nanotechnology-Based Pesticides (NBPs) Requires Special Attention
7.14 Pesticides Using Nanoscale Materials are Regulated by the EPA
7.15 Future Expectations
7.16 Conclusion
References
8. Next-Generation Bionanofungicides Against Agricultural Pathogens
Y.M.S.M. Yapa and Jayani J. Wewalwela
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Pathogens: Soil-Borne and Root-Borne Plant Pathogens
8.3 Types of Botanicals Used as Biofungicides
8.3.1 Phenolic and Polyphenolic Compounds
8.3.1.1 Flavonoids
8.3.1.2 Non-Flavonoids
8.3.2 Terpenes
8.3.2.1 Eugenol
8.3.2.2 Cinnamaldehyde
8.3.2.3 Carvacrol
8.3.2.4 Thymol
8.3.3 Essential Oils
8.4 Past and Current Scenario of Bionanofungicides
8.5 Future Prospects
8.6 Conclusion
References
9. Eleusine indica: Nanofungicidal and Other Biological Activities
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Daniel Ingo Hefft, Olugbenga Samuel Michael, Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan, Maksim Rebezov, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Gulmira Baibalinova, Ruth Ebunoluwa Bodunrinde, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Mayowa Jeremiah Adeniyi, Abel Inobeme, John Tsado Mathew, Temidayo Oluyomi Elufisan, Omotayo Opemipo Oyedara and Chibuzor Victory Chukwu
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Role of Eleusine indica in Nanobiotechnology
9.3 Fungicidal Activity of Eleusine indica
9.4 Bioactivity of Eleusine indica
9.5 Other Biological Effects of Eleusine indica
9.5.1 Antibacterial Effect
9.5.2 Antiviral Effect
9.5.3 Antipyretic Effects
9.5.4 Cardiovascular Effects
9.5.5 Nervous Effects
9.5.6 Anti-Inflammatory Effects
9.5.7 Antioxidant Effects
9.5.8 Anticancer Effect
9.6 Eleusine indica: Hypogycemic, Hypolipidemic, Hepatoprotective, and Antimicrobial Effects
References
10. Nanofungicidal and Other Activities of Cyclopiagenistoides
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Daniel Ingo Hefft, Olugbenga Samuel Michael, Maksim Rebezov, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Nikolai Maksimiuk, Ruth Ebunoluwa Bodunrinde, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji,
Mayowa Jeremiah Adeniyi, Abel Inobeme, John Tsado Mathew, Temidayo Oluyomi Elufisan, Omotayo Opemipo Oyedara and Chibuzor Victory Chukwu
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Fungicidal Activities of Cyclopiagenistoides
10.3 The Role of Cyclopiagenistoides-Synthesized Flavonoids in Nanotechnology
10.4 Bioactivity
10.4.1 Antipyretic Effect
10.4.2 Cardiovascular Effects
10.4.3 Nervous Effects
10.4.4 Anticancer Effects
10.4.5 Phyto-Estrogenic Effects
10.4.6 Antioxidant Effects
10.4.7 Antimicrobial Effect
10.5 Hypogycemic, Hypolipidemic, Hepatoprotective, and Anti-Ulcer Effects
References
11. Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsumura and Nakai: Nanofungicidal and Other Biological Activities
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbenga Samuel Michael, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Odoh Uchenna Estella, Osarenkhoe O. Osemwegie, Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan,
Omotayo Opemipo Oyedara, Maksim Rebezov, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Galiya Ibadullayeva, Abel Inobeme, John Tsado Mathew, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Ugwu Patience N., Ruth Ebunoluwa Bodunrinde, Mayowa Jeremiah Adeniyi and Chibuzor Victory Chukwu
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Brief Description of Citrullus lanatus
11.3 Antifungal Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Produced from Citrullus lanatus
11.4 Antifungal Activity of Citrullus lanatus
11.5 Citrullus lanatus as an Antibacteria
11.6 Citrullus lanatus as an Antivirus
11.7 Citrullus lanatus as an Antipyretic Agent
11.8 Cardiovascular Effects of Citrullus lanatus
11.9 Effect of Citrullus lanatus on the Nervous System
11.10 Anticancer Effects of Citrullus Lanatus
11.11 Lycopene Antioxidant Effects of Citrullus lanatus
11.12 Apoptotic Effects of Lycopene
11.13 Cell Cycle Arrest
11.14 Lycopene and Signaling Pathway
11.15 Metastasis
11.16 Anti-Diabetic Activity of Citrullus lanatus
11.17 Anti-Ulcer Effects of Citrullus lanatus
11.18 Hypoglycemic, Hypolipid, and Hepatoprotective Effects
11.19 Diuretic and Anti-Urolithiatic Activities
References
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