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Submit a ProposalSustainable Management of Electronic Waste
 | Edited by Abhishek Kumar, Pramod Singh Rathore, Ashutosh Kumar Dubey, Arun Lal Srivastav, Vishal Dutt, and T. Ananthkumar Copyright: 2024 | Status: Published ISBN: 9781394166176 | Hardcover | 440 pages Price: $225 USD  |
One Line Description
Written and edited by a group of industry professionals, this new volume provides cutting-edge insights into how the sustainability of managing electronic waste can be achieved, for engineers, scientists, and students.
Audience
Industry professionals in information technology, design, network security domains, and manufacturing and research scholars and undergraduate and post-graduate students in the computer, electronics, and electrical and network security fields
Industry professionals in information technology, design, network security domains, and manufacturing and research scholars and undergraduate and post-graduate students in the computer, electronics, and electrical and network security fields
Description
As a result of the rapid advancement of technology and the globalization of the economy, waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) management has become increasingly important. Manufacturers are especially concerned about the proper disposal of their waste, and researchers need to identify the obstacles and enablers that stand in the way of implementing a long-term WEEE management system in order to develop a long-term WEEE management system. Further, the literature did not adequately capture the perspectives of multiple stakeholders while also identifying the enablers required for the development of sustainable WEEE management policies, which was particularly important in developing countries.
This volume fills a gap in the literature by considering the perspectives of multiple stakeholders to identify enablers of sustainable WEEE management in emerging economies which was previously unexplored. This book focuses on the most recent technological advancements for the twenty-first century, emphasizing the synergies that exist between computer science, bioinformatics, and other sciences. The research and development of artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain technologies, quantum computing with cryptography, nanotechnology, sensors based on biotechnology, Internet of Things devices, nature-inspired algorithms, computer vision techniques, computational biology, and other topics are covered in this book, along with their applications in the fields of science, engineering, physical science, and economics. Modern environmental techniques are among the most innovative innovations emerging as a result of the insatiable demand for health standards in the modern world.
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As a result of the rapid advancement of technology and the globalization of the economy, waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) management has become increasingly important. Manufacturers are especially concerned about the proper disposal of their waste, and researchers need to identify the obstacles and enablers that stand in the way of implementing a long-term WEEE management system in order to develop a long-term WEEE management system. Further, the literature did not adequately capture the perspectives of multiple stakeholders while also identifying the enablers required for the development of sustainable WEEE management policies, which was particularly important in developing countries.
This volume fills a gap in the literature by considering the perspectives of multiple stakeholders to identify enablers of sustainable WEEE management in emerging economies which was previously unexplored. This book focuses on the most recent technological advancements for the twenty-first century, emphasizing the synergies that exist between computer science, bioinformatics, and other sciences. The research and development of artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain technologies, quantum computing with cryptography, nanotechnology, sensors based on biotechnology, Internet of Things devices, nature-inspired algorithms, computer vision techniques, computational biology, and other topics are covered in this book, along with their applications in the fields of science, engineering, physical science, and economics. Modern environmental techniques are among the most innovative innovations emerging as a result of the insatiable demand for health standards in the modern world.
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Author / Editor Details
Abhishek Kumar, PhD is an assistant director and associate professor in the Computer Science and Engineering Department at Chandigarh University, Punjab, India. He is also a post-doctoral fellow at the Ingenium Research Group Lab, Universidad De Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain. He has published over 150 publications in scientific journals and conferences and is a series Eeditor for three books series. He is also working on numerous books for Scrivener Publishing.
Abhishek Kumar, PhD is an assistant director and associate professor in the Computer Science and Engineering Department at Chandigarh University, Punjab, India. He is also a post-doctoral fellow at the Ingenium Research Group Lab, Universidad De Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain. He has published over 150 publications in scientific journals and conferences and is a series Eeditor for three books series. He is also working on numerous books for Scrivener Publishing.
Pramod Singh Rathore is an assistant professor in the Department of Computer and Communication Engineering at Manipal University Jaipur, India. He is pursuing his doctorate in computer science engineering from the University of Engineering and Management, Jaipur. With over 11 years of academic teaching experience, he has published more than 65 papers in scientific journals, books, and conferences. He has co-authored and edited numerous books and is working on numerous books for Scrivener Publishing.
Ashutosh Kumar Dubey, PhD is an associate professor in the Department of Computer Science at Chitkara University School of Engineering and Technology, Himachal Pradesh, India. He is a postdoctoral fellow at the Ingenium Research Group Lab, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain. He has more than 16 years of teaching experience and has authored or edited 15 books and has published over 65 articles in scientific journals and conference proceedings. He serves as an editor, editorial board member, and reviewer for numerous peer-reviewed journals.
Arun Lal Srivastav, PhD, is working as associate professor at the Chitkara University School of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India. He has published more than 80 research papers in various prestigious journals and is the editor of 17 books.
Vishal Dutt is currently working as a technical trainer at Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India with a strong background in academia and industry. With over seven years of teaching and research experience, he has authored over 50 scientific journals, conferences, and book chapters. He has contributed to the editorial process of many books and is currently working on three more publications.
Contributors:
T. Ananthkumar
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Table of Contents
Foreword
Preface
1. Integration of Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Energy Management
Bhanu Chander and Kumaravelan Gopalakrishnan
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Summary of Artificial Intelligence Techniques
1.2.1 Machine Learning
1.2.2 Deep Learning (DL) Techniques
1.3 Reasons for Applying AI in EMS
1.4 ML in Renewable Energy
1.4.1 ML for Renewable Energy Applications
1.4.2 Countries Focusing on ML
1.4.3 Notable ML Projects
1.4.4 How ML is Renovating the Energy Industry
1.4.5 Machine Learning in Renewable Energy
1.5 Integration of AI in Smart Grids
1.5.1 Load Balancing
1.5.2 Power Grid Stability Assessment
1.5.3 Smart Grid Challenges
1.5.4 Future of AI in Smart Grids
1.5.5 Challenges of AI in Smart Grids
1.6 Parameter Selection and Optimization
1.6.1 Strategies for Tuning Hyperparameter Values in a Machine Learning Model
1.7 Biological-Based Models for EMS
1.8 Future of ML in Energy
1.9 Opportunities, Limitations, and Challenges
1.9.1 Opportunities and Limitations
1.9.2 Challenges
1.10 Conclusion
References
2. Artificial Neural Network Process Optimization for Predicting the Thermal Properties of Biomass: Recent Advances and Future Challenges
S. Dayana Priyadharshini and M. Arvindhan
Abbreviations
2.1 Introduction
2.2 AI Technology and Its Application on Renewable Energy
2.3 Bioenergy and ANN
2.4 ANN Model Development
2.4.1 Methodologies Used for Target Model
2.4.2 Various Stages Involved in ANN Modelling
2.4.3 Important Terms Used in ANN Modeling
2.5 Future Scope of ANN-Bioenergy
2.6 Conclusion
References
3. E-Waste Management and Bioethanol Production
Anshu Sibbal Chatli
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Review
3.3 Degradation of Lignocellulose
3.4 Bioprocessing of Lignocellulosic Materials
3.4.1 Fermentation
3.4.2 Microorganisms for Ethanol Production
3.4.3 Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Material and Preparation of Extracts
3.4.3.1 Analytical Method
3.4.3.2 Estimation of Total Cellulose Contents
3.4.3.3 Estimation of Hemicelluloses Content
3.4.4 Preparation of Inoculum
3.4.5 Estimation of Ethanol
3.5 AI Technologies
3.6 Conclusions
References
4. A Novel-Based Smart Home Energy Management System for Energy Consumption Prediction Using a Machine Learning Algorithm
N. Deepa, Devi T., S. Rakesh Kumar and N. Gayathri
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Bayesian Linear Regression
4.2 Literature Review
4.3 Proposed Work
4.3.1 Enhanced Bayesian Linear Regression Machine Learning Algorithm (EBLRML)
4.4 Results and Discussion
4.5 Conclusion
References
5. AI-Based Weather Forecasting System for Smart Agriculture System Using a Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) Algorithm
Devi T., N. Deepa, N. Gayathri and S. Rakesh Kumar
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Deep Learning
5.2 Literature Review
5.3 Proposed Work
5.3.1 Dataset Description
5.3.2 Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
5.4 Results and Discussion
5.5 Conclusion
References
6. Comprehensive Review of IoT-Based Green Energy Monitoring Systems
Aishwarya V.
6.1 Introduction
6.2 IoT-Based Green Energy Monitoring Systems
6.3 Comparative Analysis
6.4 Conclusion
References
7. The Contribution of Renewable Energy with Artificial Intelligence to Accomplish Organizational Development Goals and Its Impacts
K. M. Baalamurugan and Aanchal Phutela
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 AI will Balance Millions of Assets on the Grid
7.2 AI Contributions in Conventional and Renewable Energy
7.3 AI-Based Technology in Renewable Energy
7.3.1 Challenges of the Renewable Energy Sector
7.3.2 Artificial Intelligence in Wind Farming
7.4 A Look at Some Challenges Faced by the Renewable Energy Industry
7.5 Higher Computational Power & Intelligent Robotics
7.6 The Impact of Digital Technology on Energy Company Results
7.6.1 Smart Match of Supply Through Demand
7.6.1.1 Thermal Energy
7.7 Conclusion
7.8 Future Work
References
8. Current Trends in E-Waste Management
Anjali Sharma, Devkant Sharma, Deepshi Arora and Ajmer Singh Grewal
8.1 Introduction
8.2 What is E-Waste?
8.3 How is E-Waste Recycled and Why Do Problems Exist?
8.4 Global E-Waste Management Market Restraints
8.5 Global E-Waste Management Market Opportunities
8.6 Management of E-Waste in India
8.7 New Solutions for E-Waste Excess
8.8 Recent Trends in E-Waste Management
8.8.1 Public Health, Environment, and E-Waste
8.8.2 Disposal and Management of E-Waste
8.9 E-Waste Regulation in India
8.9.1 Treatment of E-Waste
8.9.2 Amendments in E-Waste Management Rules 2018
8.10 Recovery of Resources from E-Waste
8.10.1 Pyrometallurgy
8.10.2 Hydrometallurgy
8.11 Generation and Management of Mobile Phone Waste
8.11.1 Generation of Mobile Phone Waste
8.11.2 Management of Waste from Mobile Devices
8.12 Players of the Market
8.13 Recent Developments
8.14 Conclusion
References
9. Current E-Waste Management: An Exploratory Study on Managing E-Waste for Environmental Sustainability
Shweta Solanki and Pramod Singh Rathore
9.1 Introduction
9.2 E-Waste Production
9.3 The Present Predicament
9.3.1 Prospective Developments
9.3.2 Environmental Impacts
9.3.2.1 Possible Adverse Effects on the Environment Resulting from Disposal of Electronic Waste
9.3.2.2 Electronic Trash Disposal and Recycling Both Contribute to Contamination
of the Environment
9.4 Conclusion
References
10. Challenges in E-Waste Management
Himani Bajaj, Anjali Sharma, Deepshi Arora, Mayank Yadav, Devkant Sharma and Prabhjot Singh Bajwa
10.1 Introduction
10.2 E-Waste: Meaning and Definition
10.3 Environmental Sustainability in E-Waste Management
10.4 Sustainable Management of E-Waste
10.5 Life Cycle of E-Waste
10.6 Terminology of E-Waste
10.7 Key Stakeholders in the E-Waste Management System
10.8 Status of E-Waste Management in India
10.9 Challenges in E-Waste Management
10.9.1 Discrepancies in Estimate of E-Waste
10.9.2 Lack of Awareness
10.9.3 The Dominance of the Informal Sector
10.9.4 Inadequate Formal Recycling Sector
10.9.5 Lack of Technological Advancement
10.9.6 Involvement of Child Labour
10.9.7 Ineffective Legislation
10.9.8 Health Hazards
10.9.9 Lack of Incentive Schemes
10.9.10 Reluctance of Authorities Involved
10.9.11 Security Implications
10.9.12 Lack of Research
10.10 E-Waste Policy and Regulation
10.11 E-Waste Recycling
10.12 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Analysis of E-Waste
10.13 Existing Laws Relating to E-Waste
10.14 Management Options
10.14.1 Responsibilities of the Government
10.14.2 Responsibility and Role of Industries
10.14.3 Responsibilities of the Citizen
10.15 Conclusion
References
11. Recycling of Electronic Wastes: Practices, Recycling Methodologies, and Statistics
Suresh Chinnathampy M., Ancy Marzla A., Aruna T., Dhivya Priya E. L., Rindhiya S. and Varshini P.
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Recycling E-Waste
11.2.1 Process of E-Waste Recycling
11.2.2 Collection and Transportation
11.2.3 Shredding, Classify, and Uncoupling
11.2.4 Most Effective Method to Remove Metals
11.3 Smart Phones at the End of Their Life
11.4 Recycling of Printed Circuit Boards (PCB)
11.5 Solar Panel Recycling
11.6 How Has E-Waste Management in India Evolved Through the Years?
11.6.1 Promoting Formal E-Waste Recycling
11.6.2 Training and Upskilling Informal Sector Players
11.6.3 International Statistics of E-Waste
11.6.4 National Statistics of E-Waste
11.7 Conclusion
References
12. Sustainable Development Through the Life Cycle of Electronic Waste Management
D. Magdalin Mary, S. Jaisiva, C. Kumar and P. Praveen Kumar
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Electronics Production, Waste, and Impacts
12.1.2 E-Production: Recycle
12.1.3 Uses of Recycling
12.2 Impact on the Environment
12.3 Environmental Impact of Electronics Manufacturing
12.3.1 Built-In Obsolescence is Also to Blame
12.3.2 Usage of ISO 14001 Helps to Lessen How Much of an Impact Producing Electronics has on the Environment
12.4 E-Waste Management Initiative
12.4.1 Present Barriers in Recycling of E-Waste
12.4.2 Global E-Waste Problem
12.5 Issues with E-Waste in India
12.6 Impact of E-Waste Recycling in Developing Nations
12.7 Opportunities and Challenges in E-Waste Management in India
12.8 Recent Investigations on Electronic Waste Management
12.9 Conclusion
References
13. E-Waste Challenges & Solutions
K. Dhivya and G. Premalatha
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Related Works
13.3 E-Waste: A Preamble
13.4 Six Categories of E-Waste
13.5 Composition of Materials Found in Equipment
13.6 Recycling of WEEE
13.7 Procedures in the E-Waste Management
13.7.1 Disposal Systems
13.7.2 E-Waste Management Challenges
13.7.3 Market Mismanagement for End-of-Life Products
13.8 E-Waste (Management) Rules
13.8.1 2016 E-Waste (Management) Rules
13.8.2 Central Issues for Rules 2016 of E-Waste Management
13.9 Report from the Central Pollution Control Board
13.10 An Integrated Waste Management Systems Web Application
13.10.1 Intent Behind the Application
13.11 E-Waste Management Rules 2016 Amendments
13.12 Management of Battery Waste Rules, 2022
13.13 Conclusion
References
14. Global Challenges of E-Waste: Its Management and Future Scenarios
Pranay Das and Swati Singh
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Worldwide Production of E-Waste
14.3 Global Availability of E-Waste: Additional Information
14.4 Environmental Impact of E-Waste
14.4.1 E-Waste Impacts on Soil Ecosytem
14.4.2 Impacts of E-Waste in the Water
14.4.3 E-Waste Impacts on Air Pollution
14.4.4 Final Considerations on the Effect of E-Waste on the Environment
14.5 Management of E-Waste
14.6 Concerns and Challenges
14.6.1 Absence of Infrastructure
14.6.2 Hazardous Impact on Human Health
14.6.3 Lack of Enticement Schemes
14.6.4 Poor Awareness and Sensitization
14.6.5 High-Cost of Setting Up Recycling Facility
14.7 Future Scenarios of E-Waste
14.8 The Need for Scientific Acknowledgment and Research
14.9 Conclusion
References
15. Impact of E-Waste on Reproduction
Adrija Roy, Sayantika Mukherjee, Dipanwita Das and Amrita Saha
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Literature Review
15.3 Discussion
15.4 Conclusion
References
16. Challenges in Scale-Up of Bio‑Hydrometallurgical Treatment of Electronic Waste: From Laboratory-Based Research to Practical Industrial Applications
Ana Cecilia Chaine Escobar, Andrew S. Hursthouse and Eric D. van Hullebusch
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Methodology
16.3 Results
16.3.1 Pre-Treatment
16.3.1.1 Physical
16.3.1.2 Chemical
16.3.1.3 Biological: Bioflotation
16.3.2 Treatment: Metal Extraction
16.3.2.1 Biohydrometallurgy: Bioleaching
16.3.3 E-Waste Bioleaching Process
16.3.3.1 Preparation
16.3.3.2 Microorganism Adaptation to E-Waste Phase
16.3.3.3 Bioleaching Methods
16.3.3.4 Technical Considerations in the Bioleaching Process
16.3.4 E-Waste Bioleaching Up-Scaling
16.3.4.1 Bioleaching Process Scale-Up: Challenges
16.3.4.2 Pre-Treatment
16.3.4.3 Culture Conditions
16.3.5 Omics and Bioinformatics
16.3.6 Metal/Metalloids Recovery Techniques
16.3.6.1 Biological Recovery Techniques: Immobilization Mechanisms
16.3.7 Recovered Materials
16.3.7.1 Rare Earth Elements (REEs)
16.3.7.2 Nanomaterials
16.4 Economic Feasibility
16.5 Conclusions
References
17. Current Advances in Recycling of Electronic Wastes
Kumar Sagar Maiti, Irin Khatun, Serma Rimil Hansda and Dipankar Ghosh
17.1 Introduction
17.1.1 Informal Recycling
17.1.2 Formal Recycling
17.2 E-Waste: A General Description and Classification and Issues on the Environment and Health
17.2.1 E-Waste Classification
17.2.2 Issues on Environment and Health
17.3 Conventional Approaches to E-Waste Recycling, Advantages and Disadvantages
17.3.1 Physical Methods
17.3.1.1 Incineration
17.3.1.2 Sieving
17.3.1.3 Gravity Separation
17.3.1.4 Magnetic Separation
17.3.1.5 Electrochemical Separation
17.3.1.6 Metallurgical Methods
17.3.1.7 Pyrometallurgy
17.3.1.8 Disadvantages of Pyrometallurgy
17.3.1.9 Hydrometallurgy
17.3.1.10 Biometallurgy
17.4 Advances in Approaches for Improving E-Waste Recycling or Value-Added Materials and Biomaterials Generation
17.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
18. E-Waste: The Problem and the Solutions
Krati Taksali and Pramod Singh Rathore
18.1 Introduction
18.2 India’s Electronic Waste Crisis
18.3 Inadequate Infrastructure for Refurbishing E-Waste
18.3.1 Financial Incentives and Lack of Awareness
18.3.2 Limited Available Statistics on Rates of Creation of Electronic Trash
18.3.3 Market Mismanagement for End-of-Life Products
18.3.4 Environmentally Irresponsible Practices in the Informal Sector
18.3.5 Poorly Designed and Enforced Regulations
18.4 Enhancing India’s E-Waste Management
18.4.1 Providing Price Information on the Market for E-Waste
18.4.2 Promoting the Recycling of Formal E-Waste
18.4.3 Players in the Informal Sector are Trained and Upgraded
18.4.4 Utilizing Technology for Recycling that is Both Finished and Cutting-Edge
18.4.5 Creating New Technology & Methods for Processing New Types of E-Waste
18.5 Effects of E-Waste Recycling in Developing India Like Nations
18.6 Opportunity for Managing E-Waste in India
18.6.1 What Assistance Can Governments, City Management, and Citizens Provide?
18.7 Management of Electronic Waste
References
19. Contribution of E-Waste Management in Green Computing
Shweta Sharma and Vishal Dutt
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Concept of Green Computing
19.2.1 E-Waste Management and Recycling
19.3 A History of Green Computing
19.4 Benefits of Recycling in Green Computing
19.5 E-Waste Management Steps
19.6 E-Waste Recycling: An Approach Towards Green Computing
19.6.1 How is Green Computing Achieved?
19.6.2 How Does E-Waste Recycling Affect Green Computing?
19.6.3 How Does Veracity World Differ?
19.7 Harmful Effects of E-Waste
19.7.1 Effects on Air Quality
19.7.2 Effects on Humans
19.7.3 Concerning Global Data on E-Waste
19.8 E-Waste and the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda
19.9 Significant International E-Waste Agreements
19.9.1 The International Convention to Prevent Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)
19.9.2 The Ozone Depletion Protocol of the Montreal Protocol (1989)
19.9.3 The Durban Declaration of 2008
19.9.4 India’s E-Waste Production
19.9.5 2016 E-Waste Management Regulations
19.10 Conclusion
References
Index
Back to Top
Foreword
Preface
1. Integration of Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Energy Management
Bhanu Chander and Kumaravelan Gopalakrishnan
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Summary of Artificial Intelligence Techniques
1.2.1 Machine Learning
1.2.2 Deep Learning (DL) Techniques
1.3 Reasons for Applying AI in EMS
1.4 ML in Renewable Energy
1.4.1 ML for Renewable Energy Applications
1.4.2 Countries Focusing on ML
1.4.3 Notable ML Projects
1.4.4 How ML is Renovating the Energy Industry
1.4.5 Machine Learning in Renewable Energy
1.5 Integration of AI in Smart Grids
1.5.1 Load Balancing
1.5.2 Power Grid Stability Assessment
1.5.3 Smart Grid Challenges
1.5.4 Future of AI in Smart Grids
1.5.5 Challenges of AI in Smart Grids
1.6 Parameter Selection and Optimization
1.6.1 Strategies for Tuning Hyperparameter Values in a Machine Learning Model
1.7 Biological-Based Models for EMS
1.8 Future of ML in Energy
1.9 Opportunities, Limitations, and Challenges
1.9.1 Opportunities and Limitations
1.9.2 Challenges
1.10 Conclusion
References
2. Artificial Neural Network Process Optimization for Predicting the Thermal Properties of Biomass: Recent Advances and Future Challenges
S. Dayana Priyadharshini and M. Arvindhan
Abbreviations
2.1 Introduction
2.2 AI Technology and Its Application on Renewable Energy
2.3 Bioenergy and ANN
2.4 ANN Model Development
2.4.1 Methodologies Used for Target Model
2.4.2 Various Stages Involved in ANN Modelling
2.4.3 Important Terms Used in ANN Modeling
2.5 Future Scope of ANN-Bioenergy
2.6 Conclusion
References
3. E-Waste Management and Bioethanol Production
Anshu Sibbal Chatli
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Review
3.3 Degradation of Lignocellulose
3.4 Bioprocessing of Lignocellulosic Materials
3.4.1 Fermentation
3.4.2 Microorganisms for Ethanol Production
3.4.3 Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Material and Preparation of Extracts
3.4.3.1 Analytical Method
3.4.3.2 Estimation of Total Cellulose Contents
3.4.3.3 Estimation of Hemicelluloses Content
3.4.4 Preparation of Inoculum
3.4.5 Estimation of Ethanol
3.5 AI Technologies
3.6 Conclusions
References
4. A Novel-Based Smart Home Energy Management System for Energy Consumption Prediction Using a Machine Learning Algorithm
N. Deepa, Devi T., S. Rakesh Kumar and N. Gayathri
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Bayesian Linear Regression
4.2 Literature Review
4.3 Proposed Work
4.3.1 Enhanced Bayesian Linear Regression Machine Learning Algorithm (EBLRML)
4.4 Results and Discussion
4.5 Conclusion
References
5. AI-Based Weather Forecasting System for Smart Agriculture System Using a Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) Algorithm
Devi T., N. Deepa, N. Gayathri and S. Rakesh Kumar
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Deep Learning
5.2 Literature Review
5.3 Proposed Work
5.3.1 Dataset Description
5.3.2 Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
5.4 Results and Discussion
5.5 Conclusion
References
6. Comprehensive Review of IoT-Based Green Energy Monitoring Systems
Aishwarya V.
6.1 Introduction
6.2 IoT-Based Green Energy Monitoring Systems
6.3 Comparative Analysis
6.4 Conclusion
References
7. The Contribution of Renewable Energy with Artificial Intelligence to Accomplish Organizational Development Goals and Its Impacts
K. M. Baalamurugan and Aanchal Phutela
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 AI will Balance Millions of Assets on the Grid
7.2 AI Contributions in Conventional and Renewable Energy
7.3 AI-Based Technology in Renewable Energy
7.3.1 Challenges of the Renewable Energy Sector
7.3.2 Artificial Intelligence in Wind Farming
7.4 A Look at Some Challenges Faced by the Renewable Energy Industry
7.5 Higher Computational Power & Intelligent Robotics
7.6 The Impact of Digital Technology on Energy Company Results
7.6.1 Smart Match of Supply Through Demand
7.6.1.1 Thermal Energy
7.7 Conclusion
7.8 Future Work
References
8. Current Trends in E-Waste Management
Anjali Sharma, Devkant Sharma, Deepshi Arora and Ajmer Singh Grewal
8.1 Introduction
8.2 What is E-Waste?
8.3 How is E-Waste Recycled and Why Do Problems Exist?
8.4 Global E-Waste Management Market Restraints
8.5 Global E-Waste Management Market Opportunities
8.6 Management of E-Waste in India
8.7 New Solutions for E-Waste Excess
8.8 Recent Trends in E-Waste Management
8.8.1 Public Health, Environment, and E-Waste
8.8.2 Disposal and Management of E-Waste
8.9 E-Waste Regulation in India
8.9.1 Treatment of E-Waste
8.9.2 Amendments in E-Waste Management Rules 2018
8.10 Recovery of Resources from E-Waste
8.10.1 Pyrometallurgy
8.10.2 Hydrometallurgy
8.11 Generation and Management of Mobile Phone Waste
8.11.1 Generation of Mobile Phone Waste
8.11.2 Management of Waste from Mobile Devices
8.12 Players of the Market
8.13 Recent Developments
8.14 Conclusion
References
9. Current E-Waste Management: An Exploratory Study on Managing E-Waste for Environmental Sustainability
Shweta Solanki and Pramod Singh Rathore
9.1 Introduction
9.2 E-Waste Production
9.3 The Present Predicament
9.3.1 Prospective Developments
9.3.2 Environmental Impacts
9.3.2.1 Possible Adverse Effects on the Environment Resulting from Disposal of Electronic Waste
9.3.2.2 Electronic Trash Disposal and Recycling Both Contribute to Contamination
of the Environment
9.4 Conclusion
References
10. Challenges in E-Waste Management
Himani Bajaj, Anjali Sharma, Deepshi Arora, Mayank Yadav, Devkant Sharma and Prabhjot Singh Bajwa
10.1 Introduction
10.2 E-Waste: Meaning and Definition
10.3 Environmental Sustainability in E-Waste Management
10.4 Sustainable Management of E-Waste
10.5 Life Cycle of E-Waste
10.6 Terminology of E-Waste
10.7 Key Stakeholders in the E-Waste Management System
10.8 Status of E-Waste Management in India
10.9 Challenges in E-Waste Management
10.9.1 Discrepancies in Estimate of E-Waste
10.9.2 Lack of Awareness
10.9.3 The Dominance of the Informal Sector
10.9.4 Inadequate Formal Recycling Sector
10.9.5 Lack of Technological Advancement
10.9.6 Involvement of Child Labour
10.9.7 Ineffective Legislation
10.9.8 Health Hazards
10.9.9 Lack of Incentive Schemes
10.9.10 Reluctance of Authorities Involved
10.9.11 Security Implications
10.9.12 Lack of Research
10.10 E-Waste Policy and Regulation
10.11 E-Waste Recycling
10.12 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Analysis of E-Waste
10.13 Existing Laws Relating to E-Waste
10.14 Management Options
10.14.1 Responsibilities of the Government
10.14.2 Responsibility and Role of Industries
10.14.3 Responsibilities of the Citizen
10.15 Conclusion
References
11. Recycling of Electronic Wastes: Practices, Recycling Methodologies, and Statistics
Suresh Chinnathampy M., Ancy Marzla A., Aruna T., Dhivya Priya E. L., Rindhiya S. and Varshini P.
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Recycling E-Waste
11.2.1 Process of E-Waste Recycling
11.2.2 Collection and Transportation
11.2.3 Shredding, Classify, and Uncoupling
11.2.4 Most Effective Method to Remove Metals
11.3 Smart Phones at the End of Their Life
11.4 Recycling of Printed Circuit Boards (PCB)
11.5 Solar Panel Recycling
11.6 How Has E-Waste Management in India Evolved Through the Years?
11.6.1 Promoting Formal E-Waste Recycling
11.6.2 Training and Upskilling Informal Sector Players
11.6.3 International Statistics of E-Waste
11.6.4 National Statistics of E-Waste
11.7 Conclusion
References
12. Sustainable Development Through the Life Cycle of Electronic Waste Management
D. Magdalin Mary, S. Jaisiva, C. Kumar and P. Praveen Kumar
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Electronics Production, Waste, and Impacts
12.1.2 E-Production: Recycle
12.1.3 Uses of Recycling
12.2 Impact on the Environment
12.3 Environmental Impact of Electronics Manufacturing
12.3.1 Built-In Obsolescence is Also to Blame
12.3.2 Usage of ISO 14001 Helps to Lessen How Much of an Impact Producing Electronics has on the Environment
12.4 E-Waste Management Initiative
12.4.1 Present Barriers in Recycling of E-Waste
12.4.2 Global E-Waste Problem
12.5 Issues with E-Waste in India
12.6 Impact of E-Waste Recycling in Developing Nations
12.7 Opportunities and Challenges in E-Waste Management in India
12.8 Recent Investigations on Electronic Waste Management
12.9 Conclusion
References
13. E-Waste Challenges & Solutions
K. Dhivya and G. Premalatha
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Related Works
13.3 E-Waste: A Preamble
13.4 Six Categories of E-Waste
13.5 Composition of Materials Found in Equipment
13.6 Recycling of WEEE
13.7 Procedures in the E-Waste Management
13.7.1 Disposal Systems
13.7.2 E-Waste Management Challenges
13.7.3 Market Mismanagement for End-of-Life Products
13.8 E-Waste (Management) Rules
13.8.1 2016 E-Waste (Management) Rules
13.8.2 Central Issues for Rules 2016 of E-Waste Management
13.9 Report from the Central Pollution Control Board
13.10 An Integrated Waste Management Systems Web Application
13.10.1 Intent Behind the Application
13.11 E-Waste Management Rules 2016 Amendments
13.12 Management of Battery Waste Rules, 2022
13.13 Conclusion
References
14. Global Challenges of E-Waste: Its Management and Future Scenarios
Pranay Das and Swati Singh
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Worldwide Production of E-Waste
14.3 Global Availability of E-Waste: Additional Information
14.4 Environmental Impact of E-Waste
14.4.1 E-Waste Impacts on Soil Ecosytem
14.4.2 Impacts of E-Waste in the Water
14.4.3 E-Waste Impacts on Air Pollution
14.4.4 Final Considerations on the Effect of E-Waste on the Environment
14.5 Management of E-Waste
14.6 Concerns and Challenges
14.6.1 Absence of Infrastructure
14.6.2 Hazardous Impact on Human Health
14.6.3 Lack of Enticement Schemes
14.6.4 Poor Awareness and Sensitization
14.6.5 High-Cost of Setting Up Recycling Facility
14.7 Future Scenarios of E-Waste
14.8 The Need for Scientific Acknowledgment and Research
14.9 Conclusion
References
15. Impact of E-Waste on Reproduction
Adrija Roy, Sayantika Mukherjee, Dipanwita Das and Amrita Saha
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Literature Review
15.3 Discussion
15.4 Conclusion
References
16. Challenges in Scale-Up of Bio‑Hydrometallurgical Treatment of Electronic Waste: From Laboratory-Based Research to Practical Industrial Applications
Ana Cecilia Chaine Escobar, Andrew S. Hursthouse and Eric D. van Hullebusch
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Methodology
16.3 Results
16.3.1 Pre-Treatment
16.3.1.1 Physical
16.3.1.2 Chemical
16.3.1.3 Biological: Bioflotation
16.3.2 Treatment: Metal Extraction
16.3.2.1 Biohydrometallurgy: Bioleaching
16.3.3 E-Waste Bioleaching Process
16.3.3.1 Preparation
16.3.3.2 Microorganism Adaptation to E-Waste Phase
16.3.3.3 Bioleaching Methods
16.3.3.4 Technical Considerations in the Bioleaching Process
16.3.4 E-Waste Bioleaching Up-Scaling
16.3.4.1 Bioleaching Process Scale-Up: Challenges
16.3.4.2 Pre-Treatment
16.3.4.3 Culture Conditions
16.3.5 Omics and Bioinformatics
16.3.6 Metal/Metalloids Recovery Techniques
16.3.6.1 Biological Recovery Techniques: Immobilization Mechanisms
16.3.7 Recovered Materials
16.3.7.1 Rare Earth Elements (REEs)
16.3.7.2 Nanomaterials
16.4 Economic Feasibility
16.5 Conclusions
References
17. Current Advances in Recycling of Electronic Wastes
Kumar Sagar Maiti, Irin Khatun, Serma Rimil Hansda and Dipankar Ghosh
17.1 Introduction
17.1.1 Informal Recycling
17.1.2 Formal Recycling
17.2 E-Waste: A General Description and Classification and Issues on the Environment and Health
17.2.1 E-Waste Classification
17.2.2 Issues on Environment and Health
17.3 Conventional Approaches to E-Waste Recycling, Advantages and Disadvantages
17.3.1 Physical Methods
17.3.1.1 Incineration
17.3.1.2 Sieving
17.3.1.3 Gravity Separation
17.3.1.4 Magnetic Separation
17.3.1.5 Electrochemical Separation
17.3.1.6 Metallurgical Methods
17.3.1.7 Pyrometallurgy
17.3.1.8 Disadvantages of Pyrometallurgy
17.3.1.9 Hydrometallurgy
17.3.1.10 Biometallurgy
17.4 Advances in Approaches for Improving E-Waste Recycling or Value-Added Materials and Biomaterials Generation
17.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
18. E-Waste: The Problem and the Solutions
Krati Taksali and Pramod Singh Rathore
18.1 Introduction
18.2 India’s Electronic Waste Crisis
18.3 Inadequate Infrastructure for Refurbishing E-Waste
18.3.1 Financial Incentives and Lack of Awareness
18.3.2 Limited Available Statistics on Rates of Creation of Electronic Trash
18.3.3 Market Mismanagement for End-of-Life Products
18.3.4 Environmentally Irresponsible Practices in the Informal Sector
18.3.5 Poorly Designed and Enforced Regulations
18.4 Enhancing India’s E-Waste Management
18.4.1 Providing Price Information on the Market for E-Waste
18.4.2 Promoting the Recycling of Formal E-Waste
18.4.3 Players in the Informal Sector are Trained and Upgraded
18.4.4 Utilizing Technology for Recycling that is Both Finished and Cutting-Edge
18.4.5 Creating New Technology & Methods for Processing New Types of E-Waste
18.5 Effects of E-Waste Recycling in Developing India Like Nations
18.6 Opportunity for Managing E-Waste in India
18.6.1 What Assistance Can Governments, City Management, and Citizens Provide?
18.7 Management of Electronic Waste
References
19. Contribution of E-Waste Management in Green Computing
Shweta Sharma and Vishal Dutt
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Concept of Green Computing
19.2.1 E-Waste Management and Recycling
19.3 A History of Green Computing
19.4 Benefits of Recycling in Green Computing
19.5 E-Waste Management Steps
19.6 E-Waste Recycling: An Approach Towards Green Computing
19.6.1 How is Green Computing Achieved?
19.6.2 How Does E-Waste Recycling Affect Green Computing?
19.6.3 How Does Veracity World Differ?
19.7 Harmful Effects of E-Waste
19.7.1 Effects on Air Quality
19.7.2 Effects on Humans
19.7.3 Concerning Global Data on E-Waste
19.8 E-Waste and the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda
19.9 Significant International E-Waste Agreements
19.9.1 The International Convention to Prevent Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)
19.9.2 The Ozone Depletion Protocol of the Montreal Protocol (1989)
19.9.3 The Durban Declaration of 2008
19.9.4 India’s E-Waste Production
19.9.5 2016 E-Waste Management Regulations
19.10 Conclusion
References
Index
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