This title presents the research prospects and security challenges present in the exciting new field of autonomous vehicles by comprehensively introducing advanced concepts of artificial intelligence (AI) in driverless technology.
Table of ContentsPreface
1. Artificial Intelligence in Autonomous Vehicles—A Survey of Trends and ChallengesUmamaheswari Rajasekaran, A. Malini and Mahalakshmi Murugan
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Research Trends of AI for AV
1.3 AV-Pipeline Activities
1.3.1 Vehicle Detection
1.3.2 Rear-End Collision Avoidance
1.3.3 Traffic Signal and Sign Recognition
1.3.4 Lane Detection and Tracking
1.3.5 Pedestrian Detection
1.4 Datasets in the Literature of Autonomous Vehicles
1.4.1 Stereo and 3D Reconstruction
1.4.2 Optical Flow
1.4.3 Recognition and Segmentation of Objects
1.4.4 Tracking Datasets
1.4.5 Datasets for Aerial Images
1.4.6 Sensor Synchronization Datasets
1.5 Current Industry Standards in AV
1.6 Challenges and Opportunities in AV
1.6.1 Cost
1.6.2 Security Concerns
1.6.3 Standards and Regulations
1.7 Conclusion
References
2. Age of Computational AI for Autonomous VehiclesAkash Mohanty, U. Rahamathunnisa, K. Sudhakar and R. Sathiyaraj
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Autonomous Vehicles
2.1.2 AI in Autonomous Vehicles
2.1.2.1 Functioning of AI in Autonomous Vehicles
2.2 Autonomy
2.2.1 Autonomy Phases
2.2.2 Learning Methodologies for Incessant Learning in Real-Life Autonomy Systems
2.2.2.1 Supervised Learning
2.2.2.2 Unsupervised Learning
2.2.2.3 Reinforcement Learning
2.2.3 Advancements in Intelligent Vehicles
2.2.3.1 Integration of Technologies
2.2.3.2 Earlier Application of AI in Automated Driving
2.3 Classification of Technological Advances in Vehicle Technology
2.4 Vehicle Architecture Adaptation
2.5 Future Directions of Autonomous Driving
2.6 Conclusion
References
3. State of the Art of Artificial Intelligence Approaches Toward Driverless TechnologySriram G. K., A. Malini and Santhosh K.M.R.
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Role of AI in Driverless Cars
3.2.1 What is Artificial Intelligence?
3.2.2 What are Autonomous Vehicles?
3.2.3 History of Artificial Intelligence in Driverless Cars
3.2.4 Advancements Over the Years
3.2.5 Driverless Cars and the Technology they are Built Upon
3.2.6 Advancement of Algorithms
3.2.7 Case Study on Tesla
3.3 Conclusion
References
4. A Survey on Architecture of Autonomous VehiclesRamyavarshini P., A. Malini and Mahalakshmi S.
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 What is Artificial Intelligence?
4.1.2 What are Autonomous Vehicles?
4.2 A Study on Technologies Used in AV
4.2.1 Artificial Vision
4.2.2 Varying Light and Visibility Conditions
4.2.3 Scenes with a High Dynamic Range (HDR)
4.2.3.1 3 Dimensional Technology
4.2.3.2 Emerging Vision Technologies
4.2.4 Radar
4.2.4.1 Emerging Radar Technologies
4.2.5 LiDAR
4.2.5.1 Emerging LiDAR Technologies
4.3 Analysis on the Architecture of Autonomous Vehicles
4.3.1 Hardware Architecture
4.3.2 Software Architecture
4.4 Analysis on One of the Proposed Architectures
4.5 Functional Architecture of Autonomous Vehicles
4.6 Challenges in Building the Architecture of Autonomous Vehicles
4.6.1 Road Condition
4.6.2 Weather Condition
4.6.3 Traffic Condition
4.6.4 Accident Responsibility
4.6.5 Radar Interference
4.7 Advantages of Autonomous Vehicles
4.8 Use Cases for Autonomous Vehicle Technology
4.8.1 Five Use Cases
4.9 Future Aspects of Autonomous Vehicles
4.9.1 Levels of Vehicle Autonomy
4.9.2 Safer Mobility Technology
4.9.3 Industry Collaboration and Policy Matters
4.10 Summary
References
5. Autonomous Car Driver Assistance SystemR. Annamalai, S. Sudha Mercy, J. M. Mathana, N. Banupriya, Rajalakshmi S. and S. D. Lalitha
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Traffic Video Surveillance
5.1.2 Need for the Research Work
5.2 Related Work
5.3 Methodology
5.3.1 Intelligent Driver Assistance System
5.3.2 Traffic Police Hand Gesture Region Identification
5.3.3 Vehicle Brake and Indicator Light Identification
5.4 Results and Analysis
5.5 Conclusion
References
6. AI-Powered Drones for Healthcare ApplicationsM. Nalini
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Role of Artificial Intelligence in Drone Technology
6.1.2 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle—Drone Technology
6.2 Kinds of Drones Used by Medical Professionals
6.2.1 Multirotor
6.2.2 Only One Rotor
6.2.3 Permanent-Wing Drones
6.2.4 Drones for Passenger Ambulances
6.3 Medical and Public Health Surveillance
6.3.1 Telemedicine
6.3.2 Drones as Medical Transportation Devices
6.3.3 Advanced System for First Aid for the Elderly People
6.4 Potential Benefits of Drones in the Healthcare Industry
6.4.1 Top Medical Drone Delivery Services
6.4.2 Limitations of Drones in Healthcare
6.4.3 The Influence of COVID on Drones
6.4.4 Limitations of Drone Technology in the Healthcare Industry
6.4.4.1 Privacy
6.4.4.2 Legal Concerns
6.4.4.3 Rapid Transit—One of the Biggest Drawbacks of Drones is Time
6.4.4.4 Bugs in the Technology
6.4.4.5 Dependence on Weather
6.4.4.6 Hackable Drone Technology
6.5 Conclusion
References
7. An Approach for Avoiding Collisions with Obstacles in Order to Enable Autonomous Cars to Travel Through Both Static and Moving EnvironmentsT. Sivadharshan, K. Kalaivani, N. Golden Stepha, Rajitha Jasmine R., A. Jasmine Gilda and S. Godfrey
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 A Brief Overview of Driverless Cars
7.1.2 Objectives
7.1.3 Possible Uses for a Car Without a Driver
7.2 Related Works
7.3 Methodology of the Proposed Work
7.4 Experimental Results and Analysis
7.5 Results and Analysis
7.6 Conclusion
References
8. Drivers’ Emotions’ Recognition Using Facial Expression from Live Video Clips in Autonomous VehiclesTumaati Rameshtrh, Anusha Sanampudi, S. Srijayanthis, S. Vijayakumarsvk, Vijayabhaskar and S. Gomathigomathi
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Related Work
8.2.1 Face Detection
8.2.2 Facial Emotion Recognition
8.3 Proposed Method
8.3.1 Dataset
8.3.2 Preprocessing
8.3.3 Grayscale Equalization
8.4 Results and Analysis
8.5 Conclusions
References
9. Models for the Driver Assistance SystemB. Shanthini, K. Cornelius, M. Charumathy, Lekshmy P., P. Kavitha and T. Sethukarasi
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Related Survey
9.3 Proposed Methodology
9.3.1 Proposed System
9.3.2 Data Acquisition
9.3.3 Noise Reduction
9.3.4 Feature Extraction
9.3.5 Histogram of Oriented Gradients
9.3.6 Local Binary Pattern
9.3.7 Feature Selection
9.3.8 Classification
9.4 Experimental Study
9.4.1 Quantitative Investigation on the NTHU Drowsy Driver Detection Dataset
9.5 Conclusion
References
10. Control of Autonomous Underwater VehiclesM. P. Karthikeyan, S. Anitha Jebamani, P. Umaeswari, K. Chitti Babu, C. Geetha and Kirupavathi S.
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Literature Review
10.3 Control Problem in AUV Control System
10.4 Methodology
10.5 Results
References
11. Security and Privacy Issues of AI in Autonomous VehiclesK. Ramalakshmi, Sankar Ganesh and L. KrishnaKumari
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Development of Autonomous Cars with Existing Review
11.3 Automation Levels of Autonomous Vehicles
11.4 The Architecture of an Autonomous Vehicle
11.5 Threat Model
11.6 Autonomous Vehicles with AI in IoT-Enabled Environments
11.7 Physical Attacks Using AI Against Autonomous Vehicles
11.8 AI Cybersecurity Issues for Autonomous Vehicles
11.9 Cyberattack Defense Mechanisms
11.9.1 Identity-Based Approach
11.9.2 Key-Based Solution
11.9.3 Trust-Based Solution
11.9.4 Solution Based on Behavior Detection
11.10 Solution Based on Machine Learning
11.11 Conclusion
References
IndexBack to Top